导　　师： 董宏乐

学科专业： 050201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 复旦大学

摘　　要： 名词化是人类语言的普遍现象,已引起不同学派语言学家的兴趣与研究。1985年,著名的语言学家韩礼德在《功能语法入门》一书中首次提出“语法隐喻”这一概念。他指出,名词化是生成语法隐喻的唯一最强有力的资源。通过这种方式,过程/(一致式为动词/)和特性/(一致式为形容词/)被重新措辞为名词,它们在名词词组中担当事物的角色而不再是小句中的过程或者属性。 本文首先对语法隐喻的定义和分类进行了介绍,从而明确语法隐喻和名词化之间的关系,为下文的比较研究奠定了基础。 本文对汉语和英语名词化进行的对比研究是基于名词化五种类型,包括：把过程看作事物、把特征看作事物、把环境看作事物、把关系看作事物以及把评价看作事物。在此框架上,本文试图结合汉语和英语名词化的构词方式来进行比较研究。汉语和英语名词化的共同之处在于其在增强语篇的简洁性、加强语篇的衔接与连贯和强化语篇的客观性方面的作用。同时,汉语和英语名词化也存在着差异,主要是由于这两种语言分属不同语系,以及这两种语言的使用的思维方式不同。 基于一项对大学生汉英互译中名词化应用的调查,以及对于名词化的关注,特别是对于2006年6月至2011年6月的大学英语四级及六级翻译试题研究,本文着重探讨了汉语和英语名词化的异同对英语专业大学生汉英互译的影响。本文旨在探索切实有效的翻译教学策略以指导高效学生的英汉名词化的翻译,对汉英互译教学具有切实可行的借鉴意义。 Nominalization is a universal phenomenon in human languages which has attracted the attention of scholars of different schools. In1985, the best representative of systemic functional linguists M. A. K. Halliday put forward the concept of 'grammatical metaphor' in his book An Introduction to Functional Grammar. And he points out nominalizing is the single most powerful resource for creating grammatical metaphor. By this device, processes /(congruently worded as verbs/) and properties /(congruently worded as adjectives/) can be reworded metaphorically as nouns. Instead of functioning as Process or Attribute in the clause, they function as Thing in the nominal group. This paper starts with an introduction to the definition and the categorization of grammatical metaphor, in the hope of making clear the relationship between grammatical metaphor and nominalization and laying the foundation for a comparative study between Chinese nominalization and English nominalization. This paper is dedicated to a comparative study, focusing on the five types of nominalization, namely taking process as thing, taking quality as thing, taking circumstance as thing, taking relator as thing and taking assessment as thing. This paper tries to make a comparative study about Chinese and English nominalizations, with the word formation bringing into the framework of the categorization of nominalization. The study shows the similarities between mainly lie in the increase of conciseness, cohesion and coherence, and objectivity in the discourses, and there are differences between the nominalizations in the two languages mainly due to the different language systems each belong to and people's different ways of thinking. This paper also explores the effects upon non-English majors' Chinese-English and English-Chinese translation based on a survey into the application of nominalization in their bilingual translation and a study of the attention paid to nominalization, particularly the translation part in the tests of CET-4and CET-6from

关 键 词： 语法隐喻 名词化 汉英互译 翻译教学

领　　域： [语言文字]