导　　师： 贾绍义

学科专业： 081701

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 天津大学

摘　　要： 开发和设计高性能纳米材料的“绿色化”合成路线，对工程应用和环境保护都具有重要的意义。本文以生物质葡萄糖为原料、水为溶剂，在环境友好的密闭低温水热反应体系中，合成了高性能的纳米碳材料、磁性Fe/_3O/_4材料以及碳层包覆的磁性Fe/_3O/_4//C复合材料。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、场发射透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、激光显微拉曼光谱仪（Raman）、元素分析仪（EA）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）、热失重分析仪（TGA）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）等测试手段，对碳材料和磁性材料样品的形貌、结构、组成和水热反应过程的中间产物进行了表征。在磁性Fe/_3O/_4//C材料的基础上，利用原位还原的方法制备了具有催化功能的磁性Ag-Fe/_3O/_4//C材料，并利用紫外-可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）来考察这种磁、催化双功能的复合材料在催化染料RhB脱色降解过程中的应用性能。 本文通过水热反应制备的表面具有亲水和功能性基团的碳球，其尺寸从90nm~11μm不等。在实验过程中对水热反应温度、时间、葡萄糖浓度和初始pH值等控制参数的影响进行了考察。在水热体系中利用葡萄糖、氯化铁和不同的沉淀剂（氧化钠和醋酸钠），分别得到了10nm无包覆的纯相纳米Fe/_3O/_4和150nm有碳层包覆的核壳型Fe/_3O/_4//C复合材料。在实验过程中，对反应体系内原料之间的交互作用进行了细致的研究，并根据沉淀剂的特性，分析了不同结构的磁性Fe/_3O/_4材料在水热体系内的形成过程。研究结果表明，通过葡萄糖水热法制备的Fe/_3O/_4//C除了具有良好的磁学性能之外，其表面也在很大程度上保留了葡萄糖水热碳化过程产生的丰富功能基团。在制备磁性催化复合材料Ag-Fe/_3O/_4//C的过程中正是利 Development and design of “green” synthetic route for high performancenanomaterials are of great significance to engineering application and environmentalprotection. In this article, nano-sized carbon spheres, magnetice materials of pureFe/_3O/_4particles and Fe/_3O/_4//C composites with core-shell structure were synthesized byhydrothermal method. During the hydrothermal reaction process, glucose and waterwere used as the raw material and the solvent, respectively. Morphology, structure,phase composition, magnetic properties and intermediate products of the sampleswere characterized by scanning electron microscopy /(SEM/), transmission electronmicroscopy /(TEM/), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy /(XPS/), laser micro-Ramanspectrometer /(Raman/), elemental analyzer /(EA/)， Fourier transform infraredspectrometer /(FTIR/), TG analyzer /(TGA/), vibrating sample magnetometer /(VSM/) andhigh performance liquid chromatography /(HPLC/). Based on the Fe/_3O/_4//C composites,magnetic catalytic material of Ag-Fe/_3O/_4//C was fabricated by in-situ reduction method,and its catalytic performance was investigated by UV-Visible spectrophotometer/(UV-Vis/) in the catalytic degradation of the Rhodamine B /(RhB/) process. The results showed that the surface of the carbon spheres prepared by thehydrothermal method were rich in hydrophilic and functional groups. The carbonspheres had a diameter range of90nm~11μm. The effects of the experimentparameters, such as reaction time, temperature, glucose concentration and the initialpH value of the hydrothermal reaction system were were discussed in the experimentprocess. Pure Fe/_3O/_4particles without coating and Fe/_3O/_4//C composites with acore-shell structure were synthesized in the hydrothermal reaction system whichcontained glucose and iron chloride. Sodium hydroxide /(NaOH/) and sodium acetate/(NaAc/) were used as the precipitant, respectively. The sizes of the pure Fe/_3O/_4and theFe/_3O/_4//C composites were varied from10nm to150nm. The interaction between theraw materi

关 键 词： 葡萄糖 水热 碳化 纳米磁性复合材料 原位还原 催化反应

领　　域： [一般工业技术]