导　　师： 宗世海

学科专业： 050102

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 暨南大学

摘　　要： 本人在俄罗斯担任汉语教师的两年间，经过长期观察发现语序偏误在俄罗斯初级汉语水平学习者中比较突出。通过对汉俄两种语言及其单句语序进行对比，发现在汉语和俄语中，语序的重要性和发挥的作用不同。汉语语序较为固定，是表达语法意义的重要手段；俄语语序较为灵活，因为语法语义的表达主要依靠其丰富的词形变化，而不依赖于语序。 根据语言迁移理论和中介语理论的研究成果，本人通过对学生自然语料进行分析，发现母语的负迁移作用是俄罗斯学生学习汉语单句出现语序偏误的主要原因。母语的负迁移作用在各个句子成分上，如果能有效削弱母语对目的语的消极影响，会有大大助于俄罗斯学习者正确学习汉语单句。本文通过偏误归类分析、测试和对不同阶段汉语学习者语序偏误的对比分析，发现了对俄语序教学中的重点和难点以及解决办法，并针对这些问题提出了教学建议。 During the2years of teaching Chinese in Russia,I found that Russian students make frequentmistakes on word order.Contrastive analysis of word order between Chinese and Russian simplesentences shows that the word order plays different role in these two languages.Word order inRussian is more flexible than it is in Chinese,for that Russian is a language with morphologicalchange, which is the primary way to explain grammatical relations,while Chinese grammar reliesa lot on word order.Therefore, Russian students make errors on word order when learningChinese. Based on the language transfer theory, this paper makes a contrastive analysis of simplesentences and the word order within them both in Chinese and Russian.Then an analysis on theerrors of word order that Russian students made in the process of learning Chinese simplesentences is provided.And we will end with a disussion of the errors and some suggestions onteaching Russian students Chinese simple sentences.

关 键 词： 汉俄语单句 语序 对比分析 偏误分析

领　　域： [语言文字]