导　　师： 曾敏刚

学科专业： 1201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 随着全球经济一体化和信息技术的不断发展，客户需求日益多样化、个性化和随机化，要求快速响应的水平越来越高，而跨国公司长期全球采购实践表明，由于客户需求波动和供应链伙伴间缺乏合作和信息共享及产品生命周期管理等，导致其所在的供应网络缺乏核心竞争力。目前，针对跨国公司在实际采购运作中，面临的不确定性风险和困境、采购总成本增加和信息失真严重及缺乏快速响应等问题的研究还非常少。因此，探讨新形势下跨国公司的采购运作模式，以降低成本、提高质量和快速响应等多目标采购运作模式，有效解决跨国公司采购面临的实际问题尤为迫切和重要。 本文根据跨国公司作为核心企业的特点，主要研究已实现供应链下游一体化的跨国公司在进行上游供应链整合时，实际面临的采购运作模式问题。首先，基于国内外采购管理、采购运作模式、供应链一体化和价值链等相关理论，提出了本文的研究内容；然后，从跨国公司的全球采购环境和现状出发，提出了3个影响供应网络核心竞争力的采购关键因素：供应网络合作伙伴关系、供应网络信息共享程度和产品生命周期管理能力，并从这3个方面分析跨国公司的采购历程和趋势；接着，归纳跨国公司4种典型的采购流程，建立了基于供应链一体化和价值网络的采购运作总体框架，分析了合作伙伴、信息共享和生命周期管理等策略，并构建了跨国公司4种采购运作模式：自营采购、第三方采购、混合采购和虚拟采购等运作模式；然后，建立了采购运作模式的评价指标体系，包括业务运作能力、盈利能力和竞争潜力三个主要指标，并运用灰色关联分析法，在matlab中求解不完全信息的采购运作模式灰色关联度，并进行选择；最后，通过AD公司的案例，将本文的研究成果应用于实践中以证明模式的有效性和实用性。 本文为跨国公司建立或调整采购运作模式提供了创新性思路和方法，有利于跨国公司实现上游供应网络的整合，供应商提升信息网络化水平和研发及生产能力，并参与高价值的供应链增值活动，以适应供应链一体化和价值网络化的要求，从而提升供应链管理能力和供应链的核心竞争力。同时，也为国内跨国公司在实施全球资源采购战略时，提供思路和参考。 With the continuous development of global economic and information technology,customers’ needs are becoming increasingly diversified, personalized and random.Multinational Corporations /(MCs/) long-term global procurement practices show the supplynetwork is lack of core competitive advantage compared with its competitors due tofluctuations in customer demand and lack of cooperation among supplychain partners,information sharing, and product life cycle management /(PLM/), while related research is veryfew. So, it is particularly urgent and important to explore the sourcing mode of MCs under thenew situation and establish a multi-objective mode of sourcing to effectively slove problemsof increasing total cost, information distortion and lack of quick response /(QR/) faced by MCsto reduce costs, improve quality and QR based on the risk of uncertainty and dilemmas. The current paper studied the problems of global sourcing mode of MCs which haveintegrated the downstream of supply chain. Firstly, put forward the contents of this paperbased on the basic theory of procurement management, supply chain integration, value theoryet al.; Secondly, analyzed four key factors of MCs sourcing mode under the environment andstatus quo of global and sourcing economics, which are supply network core competitiveness,the partnership of the supply network, information sharing and PLM capabilities; Thirdly,constructed thinking framework of sourcing mode and analyzed mechanisms of partnership,information-sharing amd PLM based on the supply chain integration, then proposed fourglobal sourcing modes: self-conducted sourcing mode, the third-party organization sourcingmode, mixed sourcing mode and virtual sourcing mode; Fourthly,set up the evaluation indexsystem of sourcing mode with three key indicators: business operations, profitability anddevelopment potential, and solve the gray relational grade in matlab under incompleteinformation to select the sourcing mode; Finally, with the example of AD Corporation, thefindings are applied in practice to prove the effectiveness and practicality of the mode. The paper provided innovative ideas and methods for the MCs to change and formsourcing mode to win the core competitiveness of the supply network after the intergrations ofboth the upstream and downstream of the supply chain and promoted suppliers’ informationnetwork and R/&D level to involve in high-value-added activities and SCM, which provideideas and reference to domestic MCs to form its sourcing mode for the global resources.

关 键 词： 采购运作模式 供应链一体化 跨国公司 全球采购

分 类 号： [F274 F276.7]

领　　域： [经济管理] [经济管理] [经济管理] [经济管理]