导　　师： 廖开际

学科专业： 1201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南理工大学

摘　　要： 知识资产已成为组织获取竞争优势的关键性资源，是组织管理的重要对象。对组织实施知识管理时，需要解决两个重要问题，一是如何正确描述组织知识，二是在前面的基础上如何更好地促进组织主体间的知识共享。 从系统科学的观点看，组织知识实质上是一个知识系统，由人、知识资源和物质载体三类要素及它们之间的关系构成，因而最初的研究主要集中知识网络领域。而组织知识不仅是一个知识系统，同时也是一个社会系统，每个知识主体都生活在复杂的社会网络中，因此社会网络是组织知识系统的另一个研究领域。现有的研究分别从知识网络和社会网络两个不同角度研究组织的知识共享，而综合考虑两个角度对组织知识共享的相关研究还未见报道。 本文在对组织知识共享的相关研究阐述与归纳的基础上，以组织中同时作为社会活动和知识活动载体的人为研究对象，以构建一个客观高效的组织知识共享网络模型为研究目的，提出基于知识网络和人际关系网络的组织知识共享网络模型及构建方法，并探讨该网络模型如何影响组织中主体间知识共享的过程和方式。 首先在分析传统的以词形为切入点来建立知识内在关联的基础上，从语义网络的角度对专家知识发现及表示方法进行了研究。在语义关系建模时，综合考虑知识元的语义关系及其在文本中的重要性，提出了知识加权语义网/(WSNK/)，从而实现专家知识的准确获取和表示。该方法可通过网络图表示专家知识的构成、通过语义描述专家知识领域等，具有客观、准确、易于理解等特点。 接着提出基于加权语义网的组织知识网络模型及构建方法。组织知识系统中存在知识资源、存储载体和人三类要素及其之间的复杂关系，以知识资源的语义关系为基础建立组织和主体的知识加权语义网，再从加权语义网中获取知识语义模式，最后通过计算主体间的知识相似度来构建的组织知识网络，既能全面描述人与知识资源、知识资源与存储载体之间的映射关系，又简化了它们之间的复杂关系。 在上述建模方法的基础上，构建基于知识网络和人际关系网络的组织主体知识共享网络模型。在构建人际关系网络时，我们通过组织结构、主体间的通讯联系、共同发表文章和参加活动（如出席会议）作为度量知识主体间人际关系强弱的主要考虑因素，从而避免了人为因素的影响。 最后，给出了一个实例进行验证。从应用实例来看，该方法具有客观、可视化、定量等特点，因而可以较好地应用到组织知识的分布、查找、推送等知识共享实际应用中去，为组织知识共享的定量分析提供了一种新的工具和思路。本文研究在理论与实践方面的均有启发性意义，这对促进社会网络与知识管理学科间的交叉具有积极意义。 Organizational knowledge asset has become a key resource for competitive advantage. Itis also an important object of the organization management. We need to address two importantissues before the implementation of organization knowledge management. One is how tocorrectly describe the organizational knowledge. The other is how to better promoteknowledge sharing among the organization members. From the perspective of system science, organizational knowledge is essentially aknowledge system that forms by people, knowledge resources, material carriers and therelationships between them. So the initial research focused on knowledge network. Andorganizational knowledge is not only a knowledge system, but also a social system. Eachmember of knowledge is living in complex social network, so the social network is anotherresearch area of the organizational knowledge system. Organizational knowledge sharing isusually researched from two different perspectives of knowledge network and social networkunder the available research, other research of impact on organizational knowledge-sharingunder the comprehensive consideration of the two perspectives has not been reported. Using the ‘people’ that as the carrier of social activities and intellectual activities for theresearch object and the construction of an objective and efficient model of organizationalknowledge sharing network for the research purpose, this paper proposes a model and it’sbuilding method of organizational knowledge sharing network based on knowledge networkand social network, and discusses how it affects organizational knowledge sharing. First of all based on the analysis of knowledge interconnectedness established by theword form method, this paper researches the discovery and representation of an expert’sknowledge from the view of semantic network. In the semantic relations modeling, both thesemantic relation and importance of knowledge elements are considered. A knowledgeweighted semantic network is presented which can discovery and represent expert knowledgeaccurately. Thus, the knowledge structure of an expert can be showed as a network and thefiled knowledge can be described through semantic meaning more objective, accurate andeasier to understand. Then the paper proposes a network model of organization knowledge and the construction method. There are knowledge resource, people, carrier and their complexrelationship existing in the organizational knowledge system. Both organizational andpersonal weighted semantic network are established based on the semantic relationship ofknowledge resources. And then the knowledge semantic schemas are accessed from theweighted semantic network. Finally the organizational knowledge network is constructed bycalculating the similarity of knowledge among the organization members. This knowledgenetwork can not only comprehensively describe the mapping from members to knowledgeresources and from knowledge resources to carriers, but also simplify the complexrelationships between them. A model and its building method of organizational knowledge sharing network areproposed based on knowledge network and social network. When building the relationshipnetwork, we adopted the organizational structure, communication links between the members,co-published articles and participate in activities /(such as attending the meeting/) as a majorconsideration in measuring the relationship strength between the knowledge members, thusavoiding the influence of human factors. A case study is given in the end. The method has objective, visual and quantitativecharacteristics from the giving experiment, thus it can be used in practical application oforganizational knowledge sharing, such as the knowledge distribution, finding or pushing. Weprovide a new idea and a new tool for the quantitative analysis of the organizationalknowledge sharing. The research has illuminating meaning both in theory and practice, whichpromotes interdisciplinary research between social network and knowledge management.

关 键 词： 语义网络 知识网络 社会网络 知识共享 相似度

分 类 号： [F270]

领　　域： [经济管理] [经济管理]