导　　师： 申迎华;陈小平

学科专业： 070305

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 太原理工大学

摘　　要： 本文通过分子设计,在分子结构中引入羧基、磺酸基、羟基、聚氧乙烯基等功能性基团,合成一种新型聚羧酸高效减水剂,具有高减水、高保坍和高分散等高效的应用性能,还探讨了聚羧酸系减水剂的结构与性能之间的关系。 酯化反应部分,实验对聚羧酸系高效减水剂大单体的制备工艺及物料配比进行了比较系统的研究。试验以不同分子量的聚乙二醇/(单甲醚/)和甲基丙烯酸为主要原料,在催化剂和阻聚剂作用下直接酯化制备聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸单酯/(PA/),并探讨了制备PA的最为理想的制备工艺和反应条件掌握了酯化反应规律,得到了一系列不同分子链长的聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸单酯。试验结果还证明制备工艺和配方具有较好的重复性和稳定性。 自由基聚合反应部分,实验以自制的一系列大单体PA、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯磺酸钠等为主要原料,在引发剂的作用下通过自由基聚合反应合成了新型聚羧酸系高效减水剂/(PCS-1/)。本文研究了合成聚羧酸系高效减水剂的合成工艺条件,如反应温度、反应时间、引发剂的用量、投料方式、反应的总浓度等反应条件对高效减水剂分散性能的影响,通过优化正交试验找出合成聚羧酸系减水剂的较理想的合成工艺。 最后,实验测试了掺入PCS-1混凝土拌合物的各项性能,并与其它高效减水剂进行各项性能的对比和评价。通过对水泥净浆流动度、表面张力、Zeta电位、吸附等性能的研究,探讨聚羧酸系高效减水剂的作用机理。结果表明：掺入PCS-1混凝土拌合物具有减水率高、水泥净浆流动度好、坍落度损失小、抗压强度高、分散性及分散保持效果优良等优异的性能,并且适用于多种普通硅酸盐水泥,与水泥的相容性较好。当水灰比W//C=0.29,PCS-1的掺量为0.45/%时,减水率高达40/%,水泥净浆流动度达到304 mm,坍落度损失小。实验结果表明了PCS-1是一种具有高分散性的聚羧酸高效减水剂。 A new poly-carboxylic superplasticizer was obtained by grafting functional groups of carboxyl, sulfonic, hydroxyl, and polyoxyethylene, which had excellent application properties of high water-reducing, good slump-loss resistant and high dispersion, and the relation between chemical structure and properties of poly-carboxylic superplasticizer was discussed. The esterification parts, the best experimental conditions and proportion to synthesis of macromer for poly-carboxylic superplasticizer were determined. Methacrylate polyglycol monoester /(PA/) was synthesized by different polymerization of polyethylene glycol /(monomerthylether/) and methacrylic acid with toluene-4-sulfonic acid as the catalyst and hydroquinone as the inhibitor, the most ideal preparation process and reaction conditions are found, the reaction rules are mastered, a series PA with different chains are gained. The preparation technology and proportion of synthesis of series of PA had better stability and repetition, which were found by many experiments. The radical polymerization parts, a new poly-carboxylic superplasticizer/(PCS-1/) was synthesized by series of PA, methacrylic acid and 2-Methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt with the initiator of ammonium persulfate. The paper investigated the effect of dispersion properties of superplasticizer by the condition of synthesis of poly-carboxylic superplasticizer, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, dosage of initiator, manners of casting materials, concentration etc, the best preparation technology of the synthesis of poly-carboxylic superplasticizer was found by orthogonal test. The last, the properties of concrete with PCS-1 were tested, and the experiment comparing with other kinds of superplasticizer. the water reducing mechanism of poly-carboxylic superplasticizer was discussed by studying of properties such as fluidity of cement, surface tension, Zeta potential, adsorption and so on. The experimental results showed that the concrete with PCS-1 has the advantages of high water-reducing, excellent fluidity of cement, good slump-loss resistant, high strength enhancement, good dispersion and its maintain, and PCS-1 was applicable for various ordinary Portland cement, and had better compatibility with cements. The water-reducing ratio up to 40/%, the fluidity of cement reach to 304 mm, good slump-loss resistant, when water-cement ratio was 0.29 and PCS-1 of cement mixture was 0.45/%. The experimental results showed that PCS-1 was a kind of poly-carboxylic superplasticizer with high dispersion.

关 键 词： 聚羧酸系高效减水剂 高分散性 合成 应用性能

分 类 号： [TU528.042.2]

领　　域： [建筑科学]