导　　师： 锁然

学科专业： 083201

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 河北农业大学

摘　　要： 贝类是海洋产品中备受人们欢迎的日常食品,这是因为其含有十分丰富的营养物质,比如氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸等营养成分,且这些营养成分符合健康饮食的要求。此外,随着现代化的快速发展,贝类等海洋生物受到重金属的污染,人吃了被污染的贝类后,可能会引发一些病变。因此,评价贝类营养价值是十分必要的。而评价食物营养价值的主要指标包括一般营养成分含量、氨基酸、脂肪酸以及胆固醇的组成与含量。氨基酸/(特别是必需氨基酸/)和不饱和脂肪酸对人们的生长和健康十分重要。由此可见,对这两种营养物质的分析是十分必要的。而重金属超标对人体健康的危害比降低其营养价值更重要,因而,对贝类的重金属的分析也是有着重要意义的。 本文分为两大部分,一部分是方法的建立、改良与评价,另一方面是利用建立的方法对贝类质量评价进行了研究。具体内容如下: 本试验确立了以2,4-二硝基氯苯作为柱前衍生剂的反相高效液相色谱法,测定贝类中18种氨基酸。对蛋白水解条件,例如水解时间、温度、酸度和氨基酸衍生温度、时间、酸度及衍生剂浓度进行了优化。同时也优化了氨基酸分离检测的色谱条件。采用梯度洗脱分离氨基酸,建立了18种氨基酸的工作曲线,其相关系数范围为0.9915~0.9991;检出限为0.24~2.37μg//mL;加标回收率88.6/%~115.7/%。结果表明本方法无干扰,操作方便,灵敏度较高,可用于贝类中氨基酸的含量检测。 本试验还建立了贝类中7种不饱和脂肪酸的气质联用分析法。优化了样品前处理,比如提取料液比,提取时间,甲酯化试剂、时间和温度条件;衍生时间、温度、衍生剂用量。同时还优化了不饱和脂肪酸的气质分离检测条件。最终建立了7种不饱和脂肪酸的校正曲线,其相关系数范围为0.9925~0.9953,检出限是:0.36~0.85μg//mL,加标回收� Shellfish is one of marine products, which is popular with daily food among the people. Because it contains very rich nutrients, such as amino acids, fatty acids and other nutrients. These nutrients are in line with the healthy diet requirements. In addition, with the rapid development of modern, marine heavy metals pollution becomes very bad, with it the growth of various shellfish in the marine pollution. People eat shellfish contaminated by heavy metals, it will lead to a variety of diseases. Therefore, the evaluation of the nutritional value of shellfish is very necessary. The main indicators of evaluation of the nutritional value of foods includes general nutrition content, composition and content of amino acid and fatty acid and cholesterol content. The amino acids /(especially the essential amino acids/) and unsaturated fatty acids are very important to the growth and health. Therefore, the analysis of these two nutrients is very necessary. Excessive heavy metals in shellfish may reduce its nutritional value. Thus, the analysis of heavy metals in shellfish also has an important meaning. Consequently, for evaluation of the quality of shellfish products, the three aspects have important practical significance. This article is divided into two parts, on the one hand is that the establishment, improvement and evaluation of method; on the other hand is that quality evaluation of shellfish with the established method. Details are as follows: This study established high performance liquid chromatography mothod with pre-column derivatization with 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene and determinated 18 kinds of amino acids in shellfish. Sample hydrolysis conditions, such as hydrolysis time, temperature, acidity and amino acid derivatization temperature, time, acidity and concentration of derivatization reagent were optimized. Amino acids chromatographic separation and detection conditions were also optimized. Amino acids by gradient elution, the calibration curves of the 18 amino acids were established. The correlat

关 键 词： 贝类 氨基酸 脂肪酸 重金属

领　　域： [农业科学]