导　　师： 宁凌

学科专业： L0401

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 广东海洋大学

摘　　要： 1994年《联合国海洋法公约》生效后,世界各国对海洋资源的关注程度空前高涨,各国都先后出台海洋政策,圈定国家管辖的海洋区域,实施海洋资源的开发和国际领域内的竞争。我国也出台了诸多海洋政策,确立我国的领海、大陆架和专属经济区以及规范海洋资源开发活动。由于受传统海洋观念、海域争端等问题的影响,我国的海洋资源政策总体层级较低、内容相对缺失、过程尚不完善,国际海洋资源竞争政策过于保守。基于国内外海洋发展的大环境,本文采用“体系—问题—重建”的模式对我国海洋资源政策体系进行系统研究,发现其存在的问题,并进行原因分析,为我国海洋资源政策建设提供依据,旨在为我国合理利用海洋、实施海洋综合管理提供系统的政策支持。因此,本文的研究内容具有非常重要的现实意义。本文采用系统分析、比较分析、文献分析、专家评估等方法,利用公共政策学、海洋综合管理等理论思想分析我国的海洋政策体系。首先,本文研究了海洋政策体系的基本框架。依据政策的科学原理、内容和过程三个标准对海洋政策进行划分,形成三个不同向度的政策体系,将三个向度体系进行融合,构建了海洋资源政策体系的基本框架。其次,对我国海洋资源政策体系现存的问题及其原因进行了分析。得出如下结论:纵向体系上政策层级总体偏低、横向体系上具体政策缺位、过程体系上政策运行不够顺畅。并分析了产生这些问题的原因,主要有:海洋意识薄弱、海洋管理体制滞后、海洋科技落后、海洋经济不够发达、海洋政策环境不太友好。其间借鉴管理幅度内涵提出了政策幅度的概念,政策幅度是政策所能规范的领域。本文还通过梳理美国现行的海洋资源政策,总结出美国海洋政策体系的优势,主要有纵向体系上政策层次较高、横向体系上政 The attention paid to the ocean resource has been running up in the world field after The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea came into effect in 1994. Lots of countries have introduced ocean policy, delineated ocean areas under national jurisdiction, and implemented the ocean resources development and international competition. China also introduced a number of ocean policy, established our territorial areas, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone and regulated the ocean resources development activities. China's ocean policy is facing lots of problems. It is still in a low level as a whole, imperfect in the contents, has deficient in the process, and too conservative in the international competition. Based on domestic and international environment of ocean resource policy, this paper studies china’s ocean resource policy system on the mode of 'system - problem - reconstruction' , discovers the problems existing in the system and analyzes possible causes for the problems. The aim of this study is to provide policy support for using ocean and implementing ocean management. For those reasons, the study of this paper has a very important practical significance. The paper uses the methods of systems analysis, comparative analysis literature analysis and expert-based evaluation, utilizes theories the public policy and ocean management to analyze china’s ocean policy system. First, this paper studies the basic framework of ocean policy system. In this part, the paper classifies the ocean policy according to the three standards that is scientific policy principles, content and the process, constructs the policy system in three different dimensions, and builds up the basic framework of the policy system of ocean resources by integrating the three dimensions. Second, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the ocean resource policy system and their possible causes. The conclusion of this analyze include: low level of policy in vertical system, the absence of specific poli

关 键 词： 海洋资源政策 政策体系 体系构建

领　　域： [政治法律] [政治法律]