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浅论我国民事诉讼第三人制度
On the Third Party Lawsuit System in China

导  师: 秦伟

学科专业: C01

授予学位: 硕士

作  者: ;

机构地区: 山东大学

摘  要: 民事诉讼中第三人制度是当事人制度的一个重要内容。长期以来,无论理论界还是实务界对原告制度、被告制度的研究均较为深入,而对第三人制度的研究则相对较少。在我国,有关第三人制度的理论储备不足,立法规定相对零乱,导致司法实践中一定程度的混乱及无序不可避免。 最高人民法院先后出台的一系列司法解释中涉及到了多种第三人型态,但鉴于尚未对相关法条进行梳理和编纂,亦未进行理论上的解析,致使在实务操作中关于应否追加、如何追加第三人方面,各审判机关的理解与掌握并不完全一致。有时出现有的案件本应追加第三人参加诉讼却未予追加,从程序上损害了第三人的合法权益;有的案件本不应追加第三人参加诉讼却予以了追加,造成诉讼成本的增加;甚至对应否追加第三人并不明朗的案件,在走到二审时,会被二审法院以未追加第三人为由发回重审。 因此,探究第三人制度的内在机理及实务需求,具有现实意义。本文从第三人制度的发展谈起,比较考察了国外美、德、日、法等国的第三人制度立法情况及其成因,在此基础上,探讨我国现行第三人诉讼制度的基本理论和有关程序,结合司法实务剖析我国当前第三人制度的现状,提出自己的一点认识和建议,以期能够为我国第三人制度的研究和完善提供某种素材和思路。 全文除序言及结语外共分四个部分,具体如下: 第一部分:第三人诉讼制度的概述,包括第三人诉讼制度的发生、发展、内涵、特征及其在民事诉讼中的价值。 第二部分:比较、考察美国、德、日以及法国等各国家的第三人制度及其成因,总结各国家关于第三人制度的立法特点及其差异。 第三部分:介绍我国相关第三人制度的立法现状和司法实践现状,剖析我国民‘事诉讼第三人制度在立法和司法实践中存在的问题。 第四部分:从我国民事诉讼目的、司法传统以及民事诉讼程序价值的角度思考我国民事诉讼第三人制度的模式选择,提出自己的认识和建议——在现行第三人诉讼制度的基础上,首先要肯定无独立请求权第三人的程序价值;其次赋予第三人程序选择权;第三条应建立第三人主体资格异议制度;第四条明确无独立请求权第三人的诉讼地位是辅助一方当事人;第五条增设本诉当事人告知利害关系人的规定;第六条完善判决第三人承担民事责任规则;第七条增加诈害防止诉讼。 The third party system is an essential party system in civil procedure. For a long time, whatever theory or justice practice about the plaintiff and defendant system of study were more deeply, and for the system of study is relatively small. In our country, about the system theory aside, the legislative provisions relative and lead to the judicial practice degree of confusion and disorder inevitable. The supreme people's court has issued a series of the judicial interpretation in the third type of man, but in view of has not yet been carried out relevant statutes tease and compiling and is a theory in the resolution of that operation on justice practice should be additional and supplementary third, the judicial organ to understand and hold and do not coincide. Sometimes out of existing case should be appended to the third person in the legal proceedings are not be appended to the procedural harm the legitimate rights and interests of the third; some cases this should not be appended to the third person in the legal proceedings are to be the additional litigation costs and increase should be additional; even for the third one is not clear in the second instance, will be the second supplemental the court by the court of second instance remanded. So far, the system's inside mechanism and justice practice demand and realistic significance. From the third system development, to examine the foreign united states, Germany, Japan and France for the third system and its causes, on this basis, our current system of the proceedings of the basic theory and the relevant procedures and judicial justice practice chipping away at our present system, the status quo, made her a little knowledge and advice, to our country to the research and improve the system to provide some information and ideas. In the preamble and outside this is divided into four parts. the following: The first part of the legal system, is including the overview of the legal system of occurrence, development, character, content and in civil litigation. The second part, the united states, Germany, Japan and France in all countries of the system and its causes, the state concerning the system of legislative and their differences. The third part introduce the relevant:the system of legislative and judicial practice, our civil litigation, the system in the legislative and judicial practice the problems. The forth part from the civil action aim, judicial and civil proceedings in the value of thinking in terms of our civil litigation, the system of choice, his knowledge and advice——at present, the legal system based on the first thing to be sure that no independent ask the value of the program; Secondly, the court ex officio in the third, to parties and the program; third choice should be set up the main objection to the qualification system; fourth clearly no independent ask the status of actions to support a party; the number of parties to the interests of the provisions of article 6 of the judgment; a third party shall bear civil liability rules; article 7 increase in preventing the false.

关 键 词: 第三人制度 立法规定 实务需求

分 类 号: [D92 D91]

领  域: [政治法律] [政治法律]

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