导　　师： 郑友德

学科专业： 030105

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华中科技大学

摘　　要： 权利保护与权利限制是法学上的永恒话题。专利权是国家授予专利权人的一种独占权，是国家对发明人作出发明创造并公诸于众的回报。专利权的专有性决定了任何人在没有经过专利权人的同意时，不得以营利为目的实施该专利。但若对专利权的保护超过了必要的限度，就可能会损害国家和社会的利益。因此，为了使专利制度能够更好地促进经济的发展，也为了平衡专利权人与国家和社会之间的利益，各国法律都不同程度的规定了专利权的权利限制制度。
　　 目前我国专利法律制度中已有相关的规定，并且在大体上与TRIPS协议保持一致，但是在一些具体的法律规定中还存在着缺陷与不足。这样将不利于我国专利法律执行层面上的操作，进而导致一些专利权人在我国权利扩张的趋势日益明显，此问题的存在不仅直接影响到国家利益和公共利益，同时也不利于我国专利法律制度的完善。
　　 基于此，我国关于对专利权的限制问题的理论探讨和立法实践所面临的任务就更加迫切。本文首先讨论了专利权限制制度的理论基础，即专利权的权利限制是专利法律制度中调整私权与公权、私人利益与公共利益之间关系的重要平衡机制。其后阐述了国际上现行的专利权权利限制制度，对其中两种具有典型意义的制度进行了分析，并比较了它们的异同点。最后通过对我国现行法律相关规定的分析，并在借鉴国外立法和司法经验的基础上，对我国专利权权利限制制度的法律完善进行了探讨，以期实现权利人更合理地行使权利，国家利益和公共利益得到有力保障的目的。 Right protection and right limitation are the topic in law in all ages. Patent right is an exclusive right that is awarded by country, and as a response to originator for their invention and creation. The characteristic of patent right decides that any one cannot actualize the patent without the permission by the patentee. Whereas if the protection of patent right overrun to the necessary, it may harm the benefit of nation and society. Consequently many countries prescribe the legal limitation system for patent right in different extent. Presently there are already correlative regulations in patent legal system for our country. And the regulations keep consistent with TRIPS agreement, but there is also deficiency in the idiographic regulations. It makes against the performance of our exclusive law. Moreover it will result in outspread of the patentee’rights step by step. The existence of this problem not only touches the national and public benefits, but also goes against the perfection of our patent legal system. Base on this situation, the assignment about the academic discussion and legislation practice, which we meet is more exigent. Firstly this paper discuss the academic elements, namely the patent limitation is an important balanceable mechanism, which regulates civil right and public right, personal and public interest. Thereafter, the present study expatiate the current patent limitation system in the international world, in what analyzed and compare the similarities and differences for two typical systems. Following the analysis on the current patent legal system, ground on the legislation and justice practice overseas, discuss the perfection of our patent limitation legal system, aim to achieve reasonable exertion of right for the patentee, and safeguard the public and national interests.

关 键 词： 专利权 权利限制 专利法 协议

分 类 号： [D923.42]

领　　域： [政治法律] [政治法律]