导　　师： 沈安文

学科专业： H1101

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华中科技大学

摘　　要： 转速闭环控制是高性能交流调速系统中不可缺少的环节，然而速度传感器安装往往会对系统的简单性、可靠性、适用范围及成本等方面带来不利的影响，因此，过去20年来，无速度传感器调速系统的开发成为了交流传动领域的研究热点，本文就采用基于PI闭环控制作用的转速估算方法，构造了一种无速度传感器矢量控制系统，并对其进行了较为全面、深入的研究。
　　 文章首先对目前的交流调速方法及无速度传感器控制方法进行了概述，并对各种方案进行了简单分析。然后，介绍了感应电机的数学模型，对矢量控制中关键的转子磁链观测环节进行了讨论，分析了不同观测模型的优、缺点及它们各自对电机参数的敏感性，并选择了一种改进的电压－电流组合模型作为本文研究系统中的转子磁链计算方法，文中根据PI作用构造了电机转速信号，并依此设计了一种基于间接磁场定向的无速度传感器矢量控制系统。为了进一步提高系统的性能，文章又提出用单神经元PID控制方法来构造转速信号，以提高动态转速的估算效果，同时，还通过加入死区补偿措施来改善系统的稳态及低速运行性能。最后，本文利用MATLAB软件对所提出的控制方案进行了仿真，并在基于DSP的硬件平台上实现了该系统，进行了电机调速试验。
　　 初步的仿真和试验结果验证了所提出控制方法的可行性和稳定性，说明本文研究的无速度传感器矢量控制系统具有一定的实用价值。 A close-loop control of rotor speed is necessary in high performance AC drive systems. However, the installation of speed sensors will bring some disadvantages to the drive systems such as increased hardware complexity, reduced reliability, limited working environment and higher cost. Therefore, the developing work of speed-sensorless drive system becomes a popular research aspect in AC drive field. An induction motor speed-sensorless vector control system with a speed estimation scheme based on the PI close-loop control theory is designed in this thesis, while deep and comprehensive researches on the proposed system are carried out too. First, a general review and simple analysis of some AC drive control methods and speed-sensorless control schemes are given in this thesis. Then, mathematic models of induction motor are introduced. The performances and parameter sensitivities of several rotor flux observation methods are discussed and an improved voltage-current model rotor flux observer is chosen. A speed estimation method based on PI algorithm is introduced and an indirect flux orientation vector controlled /(IFOC/) AC drive system is hereby designed. Furthermore, a single-neuron PID controller is added to the system to improve the dynamic speed estimation effect, a dead-time compensation method is also added to the system in order to improve both its steady performance and low-speed running performance. Finally, both Matlab simulations and real experiments based on a DSP controlled AC drive hardware platform are implemented. Primary simulation and experiment results show that the proposed system is stable, feasible and is suitable for practical applications.

关 键 词： 感应电机 无速度传感器 矢量控制系统

分 类 号： [TM346 TP273]

领　　域： [电气工程] [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术]