导　　师： 向仕龙

学科专业： H2902

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 中南林业科技大学

摘　　要： 生命周期评价是对产品或过程从最初的原材料采集到加工制造、产品使用以及使用后处理的全过程进行跟踪和定量分析/(即所谓从摇篮到坟墓/)和定性评价的方法。其目的在于评估资源消耗和废物排放对环境的影响,寻求改善环境影响的机会以及如何利用这种机会。当前国际社会各个层次都十分关注生命周期评价的发展和应用,并预计它将成为本世纪最有生命力和发展前途的环境管理工具。 本文在传统生命周期评价方法基础上,首次在板式家具产品行业/(木制品行业/)进行了生命周期评价,研究了一套适用于板式家具产品的生命周期评价体系,提出了一套适用于该类提出了一套适用于该类产品的生命周期评价模型,该模型由三部分组成,即目标定义与范围界定、生命周期清单分析和生命周期影响评价。 本论文主要通过对湖北吉象人造林制品有限公司和香港华源轩家具公司的实地调查,对这两家公司生产的中密度纤维板产品和板式家具产品在生命周期中的资源消耗和环境影响进行了分析评价,获得了该产品的两项重要评价指标,即资源耗竭系数和环境影响负荷。通过对企业生产板式家具产品生产的清单进行分析,确定了全球变暖、酸化、富营养化效应、光化学氧化剂和不可再生资源消耗五种影响类型,并在其基础上对板式家具生命周期中的排放和消耗数据进行了分类、特征化和量化加权评价。 生命周期评价的结果表明,采用清洁能源,改革生产工艺流程,更新生产设备,可以促进企业降低能耗、物耗,减少排放,从而降低产品的成本,也有助于合理开发和利用资源,提高原材料和能源的利用率,减少生产过程中资源的浪费和污染物的排放,减轻板式家具产品/(木质产品/)生产对环境造成的压力。 Life Cycle Assessment /(LCA/) is a quantitative and qualitative analysis method which evaluates the product and process from the collection of raw material to the manufacture, use of the product as well as the disposal of it. The purpose is to valuate environmental impact of these factors and search for a chance to improve. At the present time, all kinds of international social aspects pay attention to the development and application of life cycle assessment. It is expected that LCA will be a technique of environmental management with the most vitality and development future in this century. In this paper, first applies it to the field of the products of the products of panel furniture/(the products of wood material/). And it is discussed to apply manufacturing on the basis of the traditional LCA in the products of panel furniture. A set of life cycle assessment model which is suitable to this kind of products is brought up in this paper and is used to analyze and valuate resource depletion and environment influence in life cycle of the MDF products and the products of panel furniture manufactured by Hubei Jixiang Timber Products Company Limited and Shen Zhen's Havision furniture Company Limited, including three parts:goals and scoping, inventory analysis and life cycle impact assessment. In result, two important assessment indices are gotten:resource depletion index and environmental load index. The results of the LCA show that:using clean energy, reforming the production flow sheet and renewing the equipments can help the corporation to reduce energy consumption, resource consumption and the environmental emissions to decrease the cost of the paper product; and also can help the corporation to develop and use the resource reasonably.to use the raw materials and energy which are beneficial for environment, to improve the use efficient of the raw materials and energy, to reduce the waste of the resource and the emission of the pollutants, to reduce the pressure of the panel furniture/(the products of wood material/) making industry to the environment.

关 键 词： 生命周期评价 清单分析 环境影响评价 中密度纤维板 板式家具

分 类 号： [TS]

领　　域： [轻工技术与工程]