导　　师： 许梓荣

学科专业： I0502

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 浙江大学动物科学学院

摘　　要： 本课题以21日龄断奶杜长大仔猪为试验对象,研究日粮添加谷氨酰胺对断奶仔猪不同阶段生长性能、免疫功能的影响,并在此基础上,从肠道消化酶、组织切片观察,内分泌水平探讨谷氨酰胺促生长的机理,运用细胞生物学和分子生物学等实验方法,从组织DNA含量,体外T淋巴细胞增殖分化,免疫指标的基因表达等方面来探讨谷氨酰胺改善断奶仔猪免疫功能的机理。
　　 选择120头21日龄断奶杜长大仔猪,随机分4组,每组设3个重复,每个重复10头。其中1组为对照组;另3组为试验组,日粮中分别添加0.5％;1％;1.5％谷氨酰胺,按NRC营养需要,并根据等氮等能原则调整试验组日粮配方。试验期为21天,全期自由采食和饮水,断奶前取6头,并在断奶后,10,20天,对照组和1％谷氨酰胺组每组再取6头,供水进食12小时后进行屠宰取样,分析测定相关指标。获得以下主要结果:
　　 1、谷氨酰胺对仔猪早期生长性能的影响
　　 饲养试验结果表明:试验组在第9天后腹泻率明显下降,到第12天腹泻基本停止;而对照组在整个过程中的腹泻率较高,断奶8-11日龄一直维持50-60％的腹泻率;并且腹泻延续的时间较长,断奶12-15日龄仍有20-30％的腹泻率。
　　 断奶1-10日龄,0.5％、1.0％和1.5％谷氨酰胺组料重比分别比对照降低了14.00％(P＜0.05)、12.05％(P＜0.05)、9.13％(P＞0.05),各组日增重差异不显著,但谷氨酰胺对日增重有提高的趋势。断奶11-20日龄,试验各组日增重分别比对照组提高了21.39％(P＞0.05)、27.75％(P＜0.05)和12.72％(P＞0.05),试验组日平均采食量比对照组分别提高了4.89％(P＞0.05)、12.70％(P＞0.05)、9.77％(P＞0.05),各组的料重比相近。
　　 断奶10日龄,1.0％试验组血清尿素氮水平比对照组降低了17.36％(P＞0.05),断奶20日龄血清尿素氮水平比对照组降低了4.26％(P＞0.05)。断奶10日龄,谷氨酰胺对血 This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary glutamine on the growth performance and immunity of weanling piglets and approach to its promoting mechanism in terms of intestinal digestive enzyme, intestinal morphology and endocrine hormone levels and its improving immune function mechanism in terms of DNA contents, gene expression, T lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation. One hundred and twenty piglets weaned at 21 days /(Duroc×Landrace×Yordshire/) were randomly allotted to four groups, each of which was replicated three times with ten pigs per replicate. The groups received the same basal diet, supplemented with 0,0.5/%,1.0/%,1.5/% glutamine, respectively for 21 days. All pigs were given ad libitum access to feed and water. Six piglets on the 10th and 20th day of preweaning and postweaning periods in each group were weighed and slaughtered, at the same time samples were collected for analysis. The results were as follows: The diarrhea ratio supplementation with glutamine was significantly reduced as compared with the control at the 9th day and no diarrhea was happened at the 12th day, while the control group had higher diarrhea ratio. The diarrhea ratio was fifty to sixty percent on the 8-11th day of postweaning period, twenty to thirty percent on the 12-15th day. The results of feeding trial showed that on the 10th day of postweaning period, consumption of 0.5/%,1.0/%and 1.5/%glutamine decreased feed conversion by 14.00/%/(P＜0.05/),12.05/% P＜0.05/) and 9.13/%/(P>0.05/), as compared with the control, respectively. While pigs fed with glutamine had greater ADG than the control, the tendency was not significant. Supplementation with 0.5,1.0,1.5/%glutamine increased ADG by 21.39/%/(P>0.05/),27.75/%/(P＜0.05/) and 12.72/%/(P>0.05/) in the second ten days, respectively. Consumption of 1.0/%glutamine reduced uric nitrogen by 17.36/%/(P>0.05/) and 4.26/% /(P>0.05/) respectively on the 10th and 20th day of postweaning as compared with the control. Adding Glutamine h

关 键 词： 谷氨酰胺 断奶仔猪 日粮添加 生长性能 免疫功能 基因表达

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]