导　　师： 张平

学科专业： H0902

授予学位： 博士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 北京邮电大学

摘　　要： 移动通信基站是移动通信网中的关键设备,而基站体系结构决定基站的系统级构建方式和整体运行机制,是基站系统设计从理论到工程的关键环节,受无线通信理论、无线网络架构、设备商设计制造、运营商建设运维等多方面需求因素的影响,也对基站的性能和质量有着重要作用。 随着3G移动通信全面商用,开始向LTE、IMT-A等标准演进,未来移动通信基站的研发即将开始。然而,作者在承担多个国家863项目,为各种未来移动通信先进技术研究提供试验基站和试验系统时发现,已有的2G、3G基站体系结构存在问题,不能满足4G系统需求,迫切需要研究能支持未来移动通信的新型基站体系结构。 但是,经过调研、检索发现,虽然业界已经实际设计实现了大量基站,但还缺乏对基站体系结构的系统研究,甚至“基站体系结构”的概念都缺乏明确定义,难以指导新型基站的设计实践。所以,本文首先定义了“基站体系结构”的概念及相关的四个基本构成要素。然后系统研究四要素间的相互关系,面向工程实践需要,建立了基站体系结构的定性理论。然后用以指导未来移动通信基站体系结构的设计与实现,从而构造出多个面向未来移动通信的移动通信基站系统。 理论的主要内容概述为： 基站体系结构理论的主要研究对象是移动通信基站体系结构,即通过研究基站体系结构四要素：无线计算任务、算法、计算资源、互连与传输间的系统级相互关系,研究基站的系统级构建方式和整体运行机制。 基站的本质是并发多无线信号流的计算处理设备。基站采用并行处理方式解决单体计算资源能力有限与系统级计算任务需求间的矛盾,完成系统级计算任务。并行处理设计的核心是系统级计算任务的时间空间分解与解耦,依据是算法链路、数据处理协议和单体计算资源的能力粒度。 计算任务对资源的需求随用户在多小区的空间分布和标准间的分布等因素动态变化,采用动态可重配置计算资源,以资源池的方式组织,采用统计复用的方式统一管理、分配和调度计算资源,可以更有效地适应基站内及基站间系统级计算任务的动态变化,提高计算资源使用效率。 基站中的互连机制连接所有的计算资源和接口资源,传输代表计算任务和计算结果的信号或数据,是构造基站系统并使整体协调运行的关键要素。改进的交换式互连网络和分组数据传输机制可以解决现有基站体系结构的问题,满足未来基站系统在MIMO、分布式天线//网络、并行处理、动态可重配置、计算任务分配与计算资源动态调度等多方面的需要。 作为基站体系结构理论的实证性应用,本文根据对IMT-Advanced、LTE等未来移动通信标准的需求分析,提出了未来移动通信基站体系结构并应用于863 B3G-TDD、863 Gbps等移动通信试验系统,所完成的各基站系统均在实际无线环境或外场试验网成功运行。 作为系统研究移动通信基站体系结构的第一篇博士论文,本文的主要创新和贡献在于： 1.首次建立了系统完整的基站体系结构理论、方法体系并应用于工程实践验证； 2.根据未来无线资源分配的特点,提出新的基站计算资源分配调度算法和基站间资源调度的思想,具有更高的计算资源使用效率和用户容量；提出了新的基站互连网络及数据传输机制BSIN,可以更好地满足未来移动基站中MIMO、分布式天线、分布式网络等技术的需要； 3.提出面向未来移动通信标准的新型移动通信基站体系结构； 4.应用所提出的基站体系结构设计理论与方法,设计实现了面向LTE的“863”B3G-TDD基站和终端系统,成功构建出国内首个基于分布式无线网络、具有4G移动通信基本特征的多小区多基站移动通信网络,在移动条件下实现了高速多媒体移动通信,传输速率达100Mbps。 5.应用所提出的基站体系结构设计理论与方法,设计实现了面向IMT-Advanced的'863' Gbps无线传输技术试验基站,首次在国内实现了Gbps量级移动通信系统的无线传输试验,实现了数十路高清视频图像的实时并行传输,有效支持了中国LTE-A、IMT-A技术与标准的研发。 本文立足于4G移动通信前沿科研和工程实践的问题与需求,面向LTE、IMT-A等未来移动通信系统,对基站系统进行理论研究,提出了完整的基站体系结构定性理论及设计方法,填补了移动通信理论和基站系统工程实践之间的空白,不仅可以应用于已有基站系统的分析研究,也对新基站系统的设计实现具有重要指导作用。因此,研究成果不仅具有重要的理论意义,也对移动通信产业具有重要的工程实践价值。 Mobile base-station is the key infrastructure of wireless access network. Base-station architecture is the systematic construction manner of base-station and it's wholly operation mechanism. Architecture design is also the key procedure in the base-station design process from theory to engineering, which depends on many factors like wireless communication theory, wireless access network architecture, hardware design and manufacture, deploy and operation manners of operator. As 3G base-station has been deployed widely in the world,3GPP have finished LTE physical layer specification and began to discuss LTE-Advanced specification, ITU assigned new radio spectrum and decide key technology specification for IMT-Advanced and call for standard proposal, research and development for new base-station will begin soon. But the old architecture of GSM, TD-SCDMA base-station both has some problem, so the need for the new base-station architecture for future mobile communication is urgent. As there is no systematic theory research on the base-station architecture, even the concept of base-station architecture is not defined, so I define the base-station architecture concept and four basic factor's concept which related to the base-station architecture concept first, then research on the relation of the four factors, construct the systematic theory of the base-station architecture. The content of theory for the base-station architecture mainly includes: ·The theory's main object is base-station architecture. I want to clarify the systematic construction manner of base-station and its operation mechanism through the research on the systematic relation on base-station's four basic factors: computing task, algorithm, computing recourses, interconnect network and transmission mechanism. The essence of the base-station is computing and processing infrastructure for concurrent multi-signal stream. Base-station use parallel processing methods to solve the problem of lack of enough processing power in a single computing device for the system computing task. The key procedure in the parallel process design is to decompose and de-couple the systematic computing task in time and space, according to algorithm chain, wireless protocol and processing power in a single computing device. ·The computing resources amount needed for the systematic computing task is varies with the changing factor like multi-user's distributing in geographic location and standards. More efficiency for computing resources usage can be got,using dynamic reconfigurable computing resources and organize them in resources pool manner, which can also easily adapt to the dynamic change of the base-station's systematic computing task. ·Interconnect network connect all interface and computing resources, transmitting signals or data which represents the computing task and result. Interconnect network is the framework of the base-station and the key factor to made base-station running orderly. Enhanced switching interconnect network proposed in the dissertation and packet transmission mechanism can solve the problem of the present base-station, fulfills future mobile base-station's need on MIMO, distributed antenna, parallel processing, dynamic reconfiguration, task allocate and resources scheduling. As the demonstration application of the theory, according to the need of future mobile standards, I proposed the FMBSA, the Future Mobile Base-Station Architecture, and applied it to the B3G-TDD mobile test-bed and demonstration system and 863 Gbps wireless communication system. The test-bed and demonstration system had running successfully at the field. The proposed FMBSA and B3G-TDD and Gbps system practice has validate the base-station architecture theory proposed in the dissertation. As the first dissertation research systematically on the base-station architecture, the innovation and contribution of the dissertation are: ·Propose the theory of base-station architecture for the first time and apply it to practice successfully. ·Referring to the character of future radio resources scheduling, proposed the new allocate and scheduling algorithm in base-station and between base-station, which is more efficient for the usage of computing resources and actual user capability. ·Proposed the new interconnect network and transmission mechanism for mobile base-station, which named BSIN, can fulfills better the need for MIMO and distributed antenna and networks in future mobile system. ·Proposed the new mobile base-station architecture for future mobile communication standards. ·As the application of the theory, design and implementation the base-station and mobile terminal for the national 863 project of B3G-TDD successfully and using three base-station to construct the firs distributed wireless network field try system with multi-cell and with the character of 4G mobile communication in CHINA, which got the data rate of 100Mbps for mobile multimedia application. ·As the application of the theory, design and implementation the base-station and mobile terminal for the national 863 project of Gbps successfully,getting 1Gbps wireless transmitting data rate for the first time in CHINA, demonstrating more than twenty HD video stream via the Gbps wireless link. The dissertation based on the need and practice of advanced mobile communication research, targets for future mobile standards like LTE and IMT-Advanced, research the base-station architecture and proposed the whole architecture theory and some new algorithm which fill up the gap in mobile communication theory and base-station engineering practice. The proposed base-station architecture theory can be applied to analyze the present base-station and improved it. It can be also applied to design new base-station system. So the result in this dissertation has theory meaning, but also significant value for mobile communication industry.

关 键 词： 基站 体系结构 计算资源管理 互连与传输

分 类 号： [TN]

领　　域： [电子电信]