导　　师： 桑新民

学科专业： D0110

授予学位： 硕士

作　　者： ;

机构地区： 华南师范大学

摘　　要： 随着计算机应用的普及和社会信息化水平的提高,计算机与信息技术教育的重要性日显突出,目前,各级各类学校均开设了计算机教育课程,各行各业的在职培训也将信息技术列入必修内容,因此,信息技术教育面临着新的机遇与挑战.该文首先对计算机基础教育的历史与现状进行简要回顾与评述,指出技能训练与考核是长期困扰计算机信息技术教育的突出问题之一,并针对现行教学评价存在的缺陷,讨论了建构'知识——技能'双维度教育测量与评价体系的重要性.该文第二部分介绍技训练理论,在充分调研文献的基础上,对问题解决理论、操作者决策理论和问题解决和过程模式等进行了系统的归纳总结,这为后面的应用系统设计与开发奠定了理论基础.论文第三部分对技术训练的两种主要方式——样例学习中做中学——进行了比较深入系统的探讨,提出了建构支持'做中学'的学习环境的基本原则.论文第四部分是该课题研究的重点,全面介绍了it技能训练导师系统itutor的设计原理与实现方法.itutor是一种新型的its(intelligence tutoring system,智能导师系统)软件,它采用扩充的its体系结构,主要特征是在交互学习环境中嵌入了相关的学习支持,将教学评价活动整合到问题解决的过程,体现了先进的教育理论和以学生为中心的理念.论文第五部分讨论itutor的典型应用模式,并对应用效果进行了初步的评估. With the prevalence of computer applications and the improvement of information technology, the computer and information technology education has become more and more prominent. At present, many kinds of schools begin to give the computer courses and the information technology is becoming important for the on-the-job training. As a result, the information technology is now being faced with new opportunities and challenges. Firstly, the paper reviews the history and the status of the elementary computer education briefly, proposes that the skill training and assessment is one of the most prominent issues and discusses the importance of the construction of 'knowledge-skill' two dimension education measurement and assessment system to the existing limitation of the teaching assessment. Secondly, the paper introduces the theory of skill training, makes a systemic summarize of the problem-solving theory, the operation decision theory and the process model of the problem-solving based on a detailed survey of liter ature and establishes the foundation of the latter system design and development. Thirdly, the paper makes a deep research in Learning from example and learning by doing, two modes of the skill training and proposes the elementary principles in constructing learning environment in support of 'learning by doing'. The focus of the paper is the fourth part introducing the design theory and implementation all around. The iTutor is a new paradigm of ITS/(Intelligent Tutoring System/) software in which an extended architecture is adopted. The main characteristics of iTutor are the embedment of related learning support in interactive learning environment, the integration of teaching assessment into the problem solving process and the embodiment of learner-centered theory. Lastly, the paper discusses some classic application pattern of iTutor and makes a primary evaluation of the effect.

关 键 词： 技能 训练 问题解决理论 智能导师系统 计算机辅助测评

分 类 号： [G434]

领　　域： [文化科学] [文化科学]