作　　者： ; (林慧龙）;

机构地区： 兰州大学草地农业科技学院

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2004年第6期1252-1258,共7页

摘　　要： 综述了草地农业生态系统中系统耦合与系统相悖的内涵及其发展过程 ,该领域的研究前沿与发展趋势。草地农业生态系统的种间耦合、不同生产层之间的纵向耦合、不同草地农业生态系统之间的横向耦合、系统的界面过程与系统耦合、生物的时间地带性与系统耦合是草地农业生态系统中的系统耦合与系统相悖理论与实践研究的 5个前沿领域。对系统相悖量化工作将是今后系统耦合、系统相悖理论研究的关键 ,综合运用多种非线性科学方法解决草地农业生态系统的系统耦合和系统相悖的数量化工作可能是系统耦合和系统相悖理论研究和实践的一个非常有前途的方向。 The coupling of agro-ecosystems was initially put forward at the end of the 80s. In the middle of the 90s, Ren Ji-zhou and others systematically described the theory of system coupling which showed that system coupling is two or more potentially coupled systems, under artificial control of input and output of energy flow, material flow and information flow in larger systems, coupled to form new superior structure -function bodies. The general function of coupling between systems is to consummate the structure of the ecosystem, to release production potential and magnify ecological and economic value of the system. Hereafter, domestic and overseas scholars carried out detailed extensive research on the coupling model and coupling value for agro-ecosystems. A classified review of system coupling and discordance principles and their application is given in this paper.The accumulation of free energy in ecosystems causes instability and tendency to connect with other ecosystems. The free energy drives the two or more ecosystems or subecosystems to combine together through processes of convergence, hypercycling and coupling. A new ecosystem of higher level is established with unique structure-function. The system coupling may liberate the free energy in several ways to increase the productivity of the agro-ecosystem. That means to get the output from the agro-ecosystem by some way to liberate the catalytic potential, the location difference potential, the multistability potential, and the management potential. System coupling, however, usually occurs simultaneously with system discordance which results in imperfections in system operation.The discordance is mainly reflected in disharmony between the livestock production and pasture development,The livestock exerts pressure on the pastures through grazing while the latter responds to the pressure with a varying adaptive ‘carrying behaviour'. The disharmony between the two production systems can be observed in the timing of production activities in the ‘ecological

关 键 词： 系统耦合 系统相悖 草地农业生态系统

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学] [生物学]