作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

出　　处： 《土壤学报》 2004年第3期414-419,共6页

摘　　要： 本研究选择工业化与城市化水平较高 ,且工农业经济发展水平相对较平衡 ,具有蔬菜种植较长历史的苏南某市为试点区 ,重点探讨菜地土壤有机氯农药残留现状 ,及土壤利用方式、轮作方式、蔬菜品种及蔬菜种植年限对土壤有机氯农药残留状况的影响。在全市农田范围内网格均匀布点 ,各采样点均用GPS定位 ,多点采集 89个土样。研究结果表明 ,供试区土壤中普遍检出有机氯农药残留 ,残留总量 (Σ OCP)介于2 3.2～ 112 6 .7μgkg-1之间 ,均值为 174 .4 μgkg-1,残留的主要组分为p ,p′ DDE和p ,p′ DDT ,占Σ OCP的 82 %以上。四种不同利用类型土壤中 ,传统菜地土壤中Σ DDTs残留量均值最高 ,水稻田土壤中最低。种植不同蔬菜的传统菜地土壤中有机氯残留有明显的差异 ,种植叶菜的土壤比种植葱蒜韭菜、土豆 (根茎类 )或茄果类蔬菜的土壤中有机氯残留量高得多。蔬菜种植年限对土壤中有机氯残留影响不明显。水稻—蔬菜轮作的方式可减少有机氯农药污染的风险。 Residues and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in the soils of the vegetable garden in the southern Jiangsu were analyzed. The effects of soil utilization, cropping system, vegetable species and history of vegetable cultivation on residues of the pesticides were also discussed. A county with long history of vegetable plantation, developed in urbanization and industry, was selected as case study. 89 samples were collected throughout the whole county with GPS value for each location. The results showed that organochlorine pesticides were found widely in the soils, with an occurrence of 100%. The mean of the total concentrations(Σ-OCP) was 174.4 μg kg -1 with a range of 23.2 μg kg -1 ～1 126.7 μg kg -1 . p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT are the main components and took over 82% of the total. The kailyard soil had the highest residues of Σ-DDT, while the paddy soils had the lowest levels. The residues varied significantly with vegetable species in kailyard soils. The residues in soils growing leaf vegetable were much higher than others. The rotation of vegetable and rice could decrease the risk of organochlorine pollution.

关 键 词： 江苏 农田土壤 有机氯农药 农药残留 土壤利用方式 轮作 种植年限

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]