作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所

出　　处： 《中国水产科学》 2004年第2期139-146,共8页

摘　　要： 1997～1999年,对南海北部浮游动物进行了4个季节的专项调查,结果表明,调查海区共出现浮游动物8门20大类709种。优势种的组成各海域显示明显差异,调查期间共有8种优势种,即:异尾宽水蚤(Temoradiscaudata)、普通波水蚤(Undinulavulgaris)、微刺哲水蚤(Canthocalanuspauper)、叉胸刺水蚤(Centropagesfurcatus)、亚强真哲水蚤(Eu calanussubcrassus)、精致真刺水蚤(Euchaetaconcinna)、肥胖箭虫(Sagittaenflata)和中型莹虾(Luciferintermedius)。浮游动物4季总生物量变化范围为18.08～38.27mg/m3,平均25.27mg/m3,以冬季最高,夏、春季次之,秋季最低。平面分布呈斑块状,并随季节的变化发生漂移,春、秋季密集区主要分布于台湾浅滩上升流区和北部湾北部近海区;夏季,自台湾浅滩至粤西近海一带水域密集度较高;冬季分布则相对较为均匀。栖息密度范围为0.24～621.13ind/m3,4季平均27.52ind/m3,平面分布总体以近岸水域最高,不同季节,分布趋势发生一定变化,高密集区主要分布在台湾浅滩、北部湾北部和粤西近海。生物多样性指数范围为1.63～5.55,平均3.90,自北向南递增。季节变化以夏、春季较高,秋、冬季较低。多样性阈值变化范围为0.02～4.63,平均2.93,多样性水平Ⅱ级,显示南海北部浮游动物多样性丰富。 Since 1950′s, some surveys have been made on species composition, amount variation and relationship between species number and resources in the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea. Even so, the research on diversity of zooplankton was seldom reported in China. In this paper the study is based on the data collected in the seasonal surveys in the north of South China Sea from 1997 to 2001 and aims to establish a scientific base for the conservation of marine resource and ecology environment. Totally 709 species of zooplankton were identified and the results showed that the composition of the dominant species differentiated from various waters, and eight dominant species occurred during the surveys, which were Temora discaudata, Undinula vulgaris, Canthocalanus pauper, Centropages furcatus, Eucalanus subcrassus, Euchaeta concinna, Sagitta enflata and Lucifer intermedius. In four seasons the total biomass of zooplankton ranged from 18.08 to 38.27 mg/m^3, and the average was 25.27 mg/m^3. The biomass in winter was the highest, and followed by summer and spring, while in autumn it was the lowest. The horizontal distribution of zooplankton showed uneven and speckled and changed with seasons. In spring and autumn the dense area occurred mainly in the upwelling waters along Taiwan coast and the northern inshore waters of Beibu Bay, and in summer the dense area was distributed in the coastal waters from Taiwan Bank to West Guangdong, while in winter the distribution was even relatively. The density ranged from 0.24 to 621.13 ind/m^3 with the average of 27.52 ind/m^3, and the densest area occurred in the coastal waters. The horizontal distribution varied with the different seasons, and the dense area occurred along Taiwan coastal waters, north of Beibu Bay and west Guangdong coastal waters. The biodiversity index varied from 1.63 to 5.55, while the average was 3.90, and it showed an increasing trend from north to south. In summer and spring the diversity index was higher, while in autumn and winter

关 键 词： 浮游动物 种类组成 多样性 南海

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]