作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; (都李萍）; (章晓凝）;

机构地区： 台州学院生命科学学院

出　　处： 《植物营养与肥料学报》 2014年第5期1311-1317,共7页

摘　　要： 【目的】细菌被认为是人工湿地中最重要的微生物成分,因为湿地中的一些生化过程均与细菌群落有关。然而,这一结论都是通过将细菌群落动态与湿地具体生化过程和废水净化效率进行比较得出的,因而是间接的,直接证据尚缺乏。本研究试图通过国际上通用的选择性抑制手段,再结合细菌数量、酶活性和生化过程分析,进一步认识细菌在人工湿地中的重要性。【方法】本研究依托垂直流模拟人工湿地进行。湿地从上至下,顺序地填充细砂(直径1~2 mm)、粗砂(直径6~12 mm)和石块(直径50~120 mm)3种填料。植物为香附子(Cyperu srotundus L.)。废水为来自养猪场的排出液,废水灌溉采用间歇方式进行。废水的滞留时间为7 d,排空时间为0.5 d。共设置6个浓度的硫酸链霉素处理(0、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5和3.0 mg/kg沙子),调查了硫酸链霉素处理浓度与湿地填料中细菌数量、酶活性和生化作用之间的关系。细菌数量用平板计数法测定,纤维素酶、β-葡糖糖苷酶、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶和酸性磷酸酶活性采用常规的酶学方法分析;纤维素降解作用、氨化作用、硝化作用、反硝化作用、有机磷降解作用和无机磷转化作用用室内培养—分光光度法测定。【结果】随着硫酸链霉素处理浓度的增加,CMC纤维素酶、β-葡糖糖苷酶和蛋白酶活性未发生明显改变(P>0.05),而细菌数量、脲酶、硝酸还原酶和酸性磷酸酶活性却显著下降(P<0.05)。在6种生化作用中,除了纤维素降解作用和无机磷转化作用没有发生显著变化外(P>0.05),其余4种生化作用(氨化作用、硝化作用、反硝化作用和有机磷降解作用)均随着硫酸链霉素浓度的增加而显著下降(P<0.05)。主成分分析表明,生化作用的总体变化清楚地区分了链霉素的不同浓度(P<0.05),而酶活性的总体变化则未能区分。【结论】本研究突出了� 【Objectives】It is well known that bacteria are the most important microbial component in the constructed wetlands,since some biochemical processes are associated with bacterial communities. However,this conclusion mentioned above is obtained through a comparison of bacterial community dynamics with the specific biochemical processes or removal efficiencies of pollutants in wastewaters,thus being indirect. The direct evidences are not available till now. The current study was intended to reveal the important role of bacteria in the constructed wetlands using a selective inhibition method accepted extensively by researchers around the world,along with some analyses of bacterial number,enzyme activities and biochemical processes. 【Methods】The current study was conducted using the vertical flow simulated wetlands in which were filled with three players of materials such as finesand( diameter = 1-2 mm),coarse sand( diameter 6-12 mm) and gravel( diameter 50-120 mm). Nutgrass( Cyperu srotundus L.) was planted in the constructed wetlands. Wastewater was the effluent from a pig breeding farm,and filled into wetlands using a pulse-irrigation program,the water retention time was 7 d and the draining empty time was 0. 5 d. Six treatment gradients of sulfate streptomycin were applied into the simulated wetlands( 0,1. 0,1. 5,2. 0,2. 5 and 3. 0 mg /kg sand) to investigate relationships between the sulfate streptomycin treatment doses and bacterial number,enzyme activities and biochemical transformations. Bacterial number was determined using a plate counting approach,enayme activities( CMC-cellulase,β- glucosidase,invertase,protease,urease,nitrate reductase and acid phosphatase) were analysed using the common zymological methods and biochemical processes( cellulose decomposition, ammonification, nitrification, denitrification, organic phosphorus decomposition and inorganic phosphorus transformation) were tested through a room incubation-spectrophotometric method. 【Results】The current data indicate that the CMC-cell

关 键 词： 垂直流模拟湿地 细菌 链霉素 酶活性 生化作用

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]