作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 河南大学环境与规划学院

出　　处： 《资源科学》 2014年第5期1021-1028,共8页

摘　　要： 居民交通出行及其碳排放研究对制定有针对性的城市低碳交通政策具有重要意义。本文对中原经济区的中心城市郑州市居民交通出行开展微观调研,结合统计数据分析居民交通碳排放的时空变化特征和影响因素。研究显示:2001-2011年,虽然公交车、出租车的碳排放在平稳增加,但由于小汽车的快速增长和频繁使用造成郑州城市居民交通碳排放量呈指数增长态势,并且居民交通碳排放结构从出租车占主导、公交车和小汽车为辅逐渐演变为小汽车占绝对优势、公交车和出租车处于从属的格局。少数家庭对小汽车的过度使用使得居民交通碳排放存在显著的等级差异和家庭差异。不同等级碳排放的家庭在空间上呈现出明显的空间分异特征,即碳排放总量和小汽车碳排放量高的家庭散落于中心城区和外围市区的东部边缘,在向心型城市化影响下公共交通碳排放则呈中间低、外围高分布。居民家庭收入水平对公共交通和小汽车碳排放的影响分别为负效应和正效应,表明居民家庭在收入较低时倾向于借助公共交通出行,随着收入的增加会优先选择小汽车。 Studying the travel patterns of urban residents can aid in the control of traffic carbon emissions and construction of a low- carbon urban environment. Being a representative city with fast expansion,Zhengzhou was chosen here as a case study and data were collected using questionnaires of resident daily travel and relevant statistical information. We calculated the carbon emissions from urban resident travel and then analyzed spatial-temporal characteristics and impact factors. We found that from 2001- 2011,carbon emissions from urban resident travel was exponential and growth was similar to that of cars. Carbon emissions from taxis and buses have increased steadily,and the structure of carbon emissions from resident travel has varied. There are obvious differences among families and grades of carbon emissions from urban resident travel because a few families drive cars more frequently:the number of family and carbon emissions from public transport decreases exponentially as grade increases. There is an obvious spatial differentiation for carbon emissions from resident travel among families;families with higher total carbon emissions and higher vehicle carbon emissions are scattered in the center and the eastern edge of Zhengzhou. Family carbon emissions from public transport have a spatial characteristic whereby the center is lower and peripheral higher. This indicates that Zhengzhou has centripetal urbanization. Income level has a positive effect on car's carbon emissions and a negative effect on public transport emissions:families with low incomes tend to take public transport,but they prefer to drive cars as incomes rise. In summary,we should improve the service level of public transport and encourage residents to take public transport in order to reduce carbon emissions from resident travel.

关 键 词： 交通碳排放 时空特征 城市居民 郑州

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]