作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 北京工业大学建筑工程学院工程抗震与结构诊治北京市重点实验室

出　　处： 《土木工程学报》 2014年第S1期76-82,共7页

摘　　要： 颗粒阻尼(Particle Damping)技术具有减振效果好、作用频带宽、对原结构改动小、布置灵活等优点,因而在航空及机械振动控制领域得到了广泛的研究,但在建筑结构中的研究尚处于探索阶段。以单自由度钢框架结构为研究对象,通过自由振动试验,对比原结构、附加阻尼颗粒结构的响应,研究颗粒质量比、粒径、腔体底摩擦系数、颗粒堆积状态与振动方向长度、激励强度各参数对颗粒阻尼减振控制效果的影响。结果表明,阻尼颗粒提供的等效附加阻尼比随颗粒质量比的增加先增加后减小;粒径小的颗粒数量更多,效果更好;增加腔体底部摩擦导致颗粒运动变缓,减振效果变差;当颗粒没有堆积时,腔体尺寸对阻尼效果的影响很小;振动方向长度增加,阻尼效果略有变差;等效附加阻尼比随激励强度的增加先增加后趋于稳定。颗粒阻尼技术在单自由度结构体系减振控制中的应用效果良好,具有广泛的应用前景。 Particle damping technology has a lot of advantages, such as a notable effect at wide frequency bandwidth, little modification of the original structure, flexibility of layout, etc. So it has been widely researched in mechanical and aviation field, while is still in the immature period in civil engineering. Take a single degree of freedom steel frame as research object, influences of additional mass ratio, particle radius, friction coefficient of container, packing state of particles, length of the container along vibration orientation and excitation intensity were researched through free vibration experiment. The results show that, with the increasing of the particle mass, the additional damping ratio increases at the beginning and then decreases; the smaller particle shows better effect than the bigger one; increasing the friction coefficient can cause a bad effect on vibration controlling; when the particles do not pile up, the size of the container doesn't have much influence, increase the length of the container along the direction of the vibration, the effect becomes worse slightly; with the increasing of the excitation intensity, the additional damping ratio increases at first and then maintains at a certain level. All of these results indicate that particle damping technology has a good effect on reducing the vibration of single-degree freedom structure; it has a wide prospect in civil engineering.

关 键 词： 单自由度结构 自由振动 颗粒阻尼 阻尼比

领　　域： [建筑科学] [建筑科学]