作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 中国科学院大气物理研究所

出　　处： 《大气科学》 2003年第5期834-846,共13页

摘　　要： 分析了北极海冰的变化规律及其与ENSO循环在准四年时间尺度上的可能联系。结果表明 ( 5 9 5～ 1 79 5°E ,60 5～ 89 5°N)的高纬海域范围内 (包括喀拉海、拉普捷夫海及东西伯利亚海 ,简称为A区 )的北极海冰变化以 9月份变率最大并具有准四年周期 ,在这个周期段上A区极冰与Ni no 3区的海温变化有明显的位相差。当Ni no 3区SST滞后海冰约 1 6个月时 ,两者达到最大负相关。A区的 9月海冰面积指数和SST的时滞相关系数分布表明 ,次年 4月开始在赤道东太平洋区域出现一显著负相关区 ,次两年的 2月负相关达到最大 ,之后减弱消失。这表明 9月A区海冰面积偏小 ,则次年春季以后出现ElNi no现象。海冰与环流相关分析表明 ,其相互影响机制可能是由于少冰年的弱冷源效应 ,使得该地区上空气旋环流发展 ,并通过中高纬相互作用促进北太平洋西北部及东亚沿岸距平气旋式环流的发展 ,有利于赤道异常西风形成从而触发和维持ElNi The variation of arctic sea\|ice cover and its relationships with ENSO events on the times scale of quasi\|quadrennial\|year oscillation (QQO) have been studied. Results show that the QQO signal exists in variability of arctic sea\|ice cover in high latitude region (59.5～179.5°E,60.5～89.5°N; include Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, and East Siberia Sea). In this period, sea ice variation lags Nio 3 SSTA obviously, negative correlation between arctic sea\|ice cover and Nio 3 SSTA reaches maximum while the latter lags behind the former about 16 months. Distribution of correlation coefficient shows that a negative region appears over the eastern equatorial Pacific in the next April, and negative value reaches maximum in the next to next February, and weakens following. It indicates that El Nio occurs in the next spring while the light sea\|ice cover emerges in September. Further studies suggest that abnormal cyclone over high latitude Asian may be aroused by light arctic sea\|ice cover, and followed by the development of abnormal cyclone from the coast of eastern Asia to northwestern Pacific through middle\|high latitude interaction. It will help to strengthen the westerly anomalies over tropical and development of El Nio.

关 键 词： 北极 海冰 事件 准四年振荡 厄尔尼诺 海 冰 气相互作用 时间尺度

领　　域： [天文地球]