作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 华东理工大学化学与分子工程学院工业催化研究所

出　　处： 《中国基础科学》 2003年第4期19-23,共5页

摘　　要： 催化燃烧技术作为一项环境友好的能源利用方式得到了各国的广泛重视,其应用领域不断扩展。与普通的火焰燃烧相比,催化燃烧具有燃烧效率高、污染物超低排放、燃烧稳定等优点。本支综述了包括天然气、燃油和煤炭等在内的化石燃料催化燃烧的研究进展和稀土在催化燃成中的作用及所面临的问题。催化燃烧技术的核心是燃烧催化剂的研制,稀土因其独特的电子结构而具有特殊的催化性能,在燃烧催化剂中得到广泛的应用。但关于稀土催化作用的本质尚不明确,应该加强基础研究,深入认识稀土催化作用的本质,为稀土资源的优化利用和开发嵩效催化燃烧技术提供科学基础。 Catalytic combustion, as an environmentally acceptable means of generating power, has been paid considerable attention throughout the world. Research efforts have been promoted by the environmental challenges and the efficient utilization of energy sources. Comparing with the flame or thermal combustion, the catalytic combustion exhibits main advantages, such as higher efficiency, ultra low pollutants emissions, stable combustion, and so on. The R&D of the catalytic combustion of fossil fuel, including natural gas ( coal gas and liquid petroleum gas), liquid fuel and coal, and the application of rare earth at combustion catalysts are reviewed in this paper. The rare earth oxides always show special catalytic activities in many processes due to their unique electronic structure, and are widely used in the combustion catalysts. But the intrinsic role of rare earth in the catalytic reaction is not clear now, and need to be research in detail. The fundamental research about the catalytic mechanism of the rare earth elements in the catalysts is very important and necessary for the reasonable utilization of resources and the development of high effective catalytic combustion technology.

关 键 词： 化石燃料 催化燃烧 稀土燃烧催化剂 催化性能 燃烧效率 燃烧稳定性

领　　域： [动力工程及工程热物理] [理学] [理学]