作　　者： ; ; ; ; (汪殿蓓）;

机构地区： 湖北孝感学院

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2003年第7期1415-1422,共8页

摘　　要： 对南山区 5个主要天然森林群落 (铁榄群落、鼠刺 +降真香群落、鸭脚木群落、假苹婆群落、水翁 +假苹婆群落 )的组成结构及物种多样性进行分析 ,并与相邻的香港地区地带性森林群落 (黄桐群落 )作比较。结果表明 ,依照亚热带及南亚热带森林群落演替规律 ,南山区天然林处于不同的演替发育阶段 :铁榄群落处于演替第 3阶段 ;鼠刺 +降真香群落处于第 4阶段 ;其它 3个群落处于第 5阶段 ,均未达到稳定的顶极群落阶段。随着铁榄群落、鼠刺 +降真香群落、鸭脚木群落、假苹婆群落、水翁 +假苹婆群落这个演替序列 ,物种丰富度的变化规律是 :先逐渐上升 ,到达一个峰值 ,再缓慢下降。 Shannon- Wiener指数和 Pielous均匀度指数的变化规律与物种丰富度相同 ,Simpson指数变化曲线与这些指数相反 ,但这些指数反映的结果是一致的。综合多个指数分析 ,鸭脚木群落物种多样性最大 ,即当群落中阳生性树种与中生性树种优势度相差不大时 ,群落具有最大的物种多样性。多样性比较结果显示 ,南山森林群落物种多样性大大低于香港黄桐群落 ,5个群落的 Shannon- Wiener指数在 2 .0 4～ 2 .95 3之间 ,明显低于黄桐群落 ,其 Shannon- Wiener指数为 4.74;Simpson指数 0 .1～ 0 .2 68,黄桐群落为 0 .0 5 ;Pielous均匀度指数 64.2 %～ 74% , Studies on the species diversity of five subtropical natural forest communities in south China were conducted based on the data of plots. Special attention has been paid to the compositions and ecological characteristics of species. Comparisons were made between them and the Hong Kong zonal forest. According to the succession process of subtropical and low subtropical forest, we speculated that the five forest communities were at various stages, and had not reached the climax. Sinosideroxylon Community was at the third stage, when subtropical conifer and evergreen broad-leaved mixed forests were dominated by sunny broad-leaved species. Itea + Acronychia Community was at the fourth stage, when subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests were dominated by sunny broad-leaved species. Schefflera, Sterculia and Cleistocalyx+Sterculia Community were at the fifth stage, when partial mesophilous evergreen broad-leaved forests were dominated by mesophilous species. Species richness generally increased and reached a maximum, then decreased gradually in the series of Sinosideroxylon across Itea+Acronychia, Schefflera, and Sterculia to Cleistocalyx+Sterculia Community,. Shannon-Wiener and Pielous evenness indices changed accordingly with the species richness, but the change of Simpson index was contrary to that of species richness. Nevertheless, all these indices showed the same research result. Based on these indices, Schefflera Community had the largest species diversity among the five communities. The result indicated that the community where heliophytes and mesophytes shared similar dominance had the highest species diversity. Diversity comparison showed the species diversity of the five communities was significantly lower than that of Endospermum Community. The values of Shannon-Wiener index and Pielous evenness index of the five forest communities were 2.04～2.953 and 64.2%～74% respectively, and both lower than that of the Endospermum Community, having 4.74 and 79% respectively. The values of the Sim

关 键 词： 天然森林群落 物种多样性 群落组成结构 群落演替 深圳

领　　域： [生物学]