作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 温州师范学院生命与环境科学学院生物与环境科学系

出　　处： 《生态学报》 2003年第6期1048-1056,共9页

摘　　要： 研究红耳滑龟 ( Trachemys scripta elegans)当年孵出幼体的热耐受性和运动表现热依赖性 ;设计具有和缺乏温度梯度两种热环境 ,研究幼龟体温昼夜变化和体温调节。高、低温耐受性分别用临界高温和临界低温表示 ,体温为泄殖腔温度 ,水温和气温分别是幼龟所处位置的水温和 1 cm高气温。临界高温和临界低温分别为 41 .9℃和 1 .6℃。在有温度梯度的热环境中 ,体温、水温和气温平均值有显著的昼夜差异 ,水温和体温的日平均值无显著差异 ,两者均大于气温的日平均值。在缺乏温度梯度的热环境中 ,体温、气温和水温平均值亦有显著的昼夜差异 ,但气温、水温和体温的日平均温度无显著差异。温度梯度是幼龟进行体温调节的必要条件 ,体温调定点 (选择体温 )有显著的昼夜变化 ,最大和最小值分别为 30 .4℃和 2 6.6℃。在0 0 :0 0～ 1 0 :0 0时间段内 ,幼龟选择体温明显较低 ,其它测定时刻的选择体温无显著差异。幼龟各测定时刻的平均体温与平均气温和水温均呈正相关。去除气温差异的影响后发现 ,处于温度梯度中幼龟的体温比处于缺乏温度梯度中的幼龟高 2 .0℃ ,这种差异是前者利用温度梯度进行体温调节的结果。去除水温差异的影响后发现 ,处于温度梯度中幼龟的体温比处于缺乏温度梯度中的幼龟高 1 .0℃。体温显著影响? We studied thermal tolerance, body temperature, and thermal dependence of locomotor performance of hatchling red eared slider turtles ( Trachemys scripta elegans ). Two thermal environments, one with and the other without thermal gradients, were designed to study diel variation in body temperature (Tb) . Turtles were obtained from a pet shop in Hangzhou, with body mass, carapace length and carapace width being 9 5 ± 0 2 (7 7~11 1) g, 35 6 ± 0 2 (32 7~37 4) mm and 35 3 ± 0 2 (33 6~36 9) mm, respectively. Turtles were marked individually by toe clipping for future identification, and then were housed, 7~8 of them, in individual 50×30×30 cm 3 (length × width × height) glass cages, of which the bottom was filled with an oblique layer of sand (the maximum depth = 5 cm), water (the average depth = 2 5 cm) and debris to mimic natural conditions to some extent. The thermal gradients ranging from 18 °C to 60 °C were established by suspending two 250 W light bulbs at one end and approximately 20 cm above the bottom of the cage. Turtles in the environments either with or without thermal gradients were exposed to a natural light cycle, but those in the thermal gradients could regulate body temperatures within their voluntary range when the light bulbs were turned on. Body (cloacal temperature), water ( Tw, where turtles were measured for Tb ) and air ( Ta , 1 cm above the turtle measured for Tb ) temperatures were taken to nearest 0 1 °C, using a RC(95 electronic thermometer (Shanghai Jinghua Instruments, China), at intervals of 4 h in two consecutive days. The mean body temperature of active turtles in the thermal gradients was considered as the selected (or preferred) body temperature ( T sel) at the time. The upper ( CT Max, critical thermal maximum) and lower ( CT Min, critical thermal minimum) limits of thermal tolerance were determined in a LRH 250G incubator (Guangdong Medical Instruments, China), where turtles were cooled or heated from 28 °C at the rate 0 1 °C p

关 键 词： 红耳滑龟 初生幼体 体温 选择体温 热耐受性 体温调节 运动表现

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学]