作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 宁波大学

出　　处： 《动物学报》 2003年第1期45-52,共8页

摘　　要： 为研究中华花龟 (Ocadiasinensis)幼体的热耐受性和运动表现热依赖性 ,设计了具有和缺乏温度梯度两种热环境 ,研究幼龟体温的昼夜变化。高、低温耐受性分别用临界高温和临界低温表示 ,体温为泄殖腔温度 ,水温和气温分别是幼龟所处位置的水温和 1cm高气温。临界高温和临界低温分别为 41 9℃和 1 8℃。在有温度梯度的热环境中 ,体温、水温和气温平均值有显著的昼夜差异 ,水温和体温的日平均值无显著差异 ,两者均大于气温的日平均值。在缺乏温度梯度的热环境中 ,体温、气温和水温平均值亦有显著的昼夜差异 ,但气温、水温和体温的日平均温度无显著差异。温度梯度是幼龟进行体温调节不可或缺的条件 ,选择体温有显著的昼夜变化 ,最大值和最小值分别为 2 9 2℃和 2 5 4℃。在 0 2 :0 0～ 0 6 :0 0时间段内 ,幼龟选择体温明显较低 ,其它测定时刻的选择体温无显著差异。幼龟各测定时刻的平均体温与平均气温和水温均呈正相关。处于温度梯度中幼龟特定气温的体温比处于缺乏温度梯度中的幼龟高 3 7℃ ,这种差异是前者利用温度梯度进行体温调节的结果 ;处于不同热环境中幼龟特定水温的体温无显著差异。体温显著影响幼龟的运动表现。 18～ 39℃体温范围内 ,疾跑速随体温增加而增加 ,36℃和 We studied thermal tolerance and thermal dependence of locomotor performance of Chinese striped-necked turtle (Ocadia sinensis) hatchling, and designed two thermal environments, one with and one without thermal gradients, to study diel variation in body temperature (Tb). Body (cloacal temperature), water (Tw, where Tb was measured) and air (Ta, 1 cm above where Tb was measured) temperatures were taken with the same RC-95 electronic thermometer (Shanghai Jinghua Instruments, China). The upper (CTMax) and lower (CTMin) limits of thermal tolerance were 41.9 ℃ and 1.8 ℃, respectively. In the environment with thermal gradients, there was significant diel variation in body, water and air temperatures, and daily means of body and water temperatures were nearly the same, both exceeding the daily mean of air temperature. Significant variation in body, water and air temperatures were also found in the environment without thermal gradients, but there were no significant differences in daily means of body, water and air temperatures. The existence of thermal gradients was a necessary condition for turtles to behaviorally regulate body temperatures within their voluntary range. Selected body temperature (Tsel) varied from 25.4 ℃ to 29.2 ℃, with turtles exhibiting lower Tsel between 02:00 to 06:00 h than than at other times. Body temperatures were positively correlated with both water and air temperatures. ANCOVA showed that turtles in different thermal environments did not differ in Tw-specific body temperature, but Ta-specific body temperatures of turtles that were in the thermal gradients were on average 3.7 ℃ higher than those not in the thermal gradients. The locomotor performance of turtles was highly dependent on their body temperatures. Sprint speed increased with body temperature within the range of 18 to 39 ℃, decreasing at a body temperature of 41 ℃. Overall, turtles at relatively higher body temperatures had better locomotor performance than those at lower or extremely high body temperatures. A partia

关 键 词： 中华花龟 幼体 热耐受性 体温 昼夜变化 运动表现 热依赖性

领　　域： [生物学] [农业科学] [农业科学]