作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; (董巧香）;

机构地区： 汕头大学理学院海洋生物实验室

出　　处： 《海洋与湖沼》 2003年第2期117-130,共14页

摘　　要： 20 0 1年 4月— 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,利用生态学方法对粤东柘林湾浮游动物进行的周年调查结果表明 ,粤东柘林湾浮游动物有桡足类 34属 60种 ,枝角类 3属 3种 ,及端足类、磷虾、糠虾、多毛类、毛颚类、被囊类、水母和各种浮游幼体虫。浮游动物的群落构成小型化趋势明显 ,因为体长不足 0 .6mm的小型优势种强额拟哲水蚤 (Paracalanuscrassirostris)、短角长腹剑水蚤(Oithonabrevicornis)和鸟喙尖头 (Peniliaavirostris)在浮游动物总个体数中所占比例合计高达5 7.1 %。浮游动物的种类数、总个体数和生物量的平面分布模式大体相似 ,即湾外大于湾内 ,外侧大于内侧 ,东部大于西部。总个体数与生物量的周年变化曲线与水温的变化趋势非常相似 ,高峰位于高温季节的 8— 9月 ,低谷位于冬季 2月。调查期间柘林湾浮游动物非常丰富 ,年均总个体数达 1 5 .8× 1 0 3ind/m3,生物量达 2 2 7.8mg·dW/m3。在单一调查年度内 ,浮游动物丰度与水温、浮游植物细胞数呈显著正相关关系。在不同年份 。 We identified 60 species of copepod, three species of cladoceran, and others such as hyperid amphipod, euphausiid, mysid, polychaete, chaetognoth, tunicate, medusa, and planktonic larva in the Zhelin Bay, eastern Guangdong, during the period of April 2001 and April 2002. This bay was characterized by micro zooplankton. The dominant species such as Paracalanus crassirostris, Oithona brevicornis and Penilia avirostris, accounting for 57.1% of the total abundance, were small with body lengths being less than 0.6mm. The biomass in terms of dry weight, species diversity and abundance of zooplankton were higher in the samples collected from outside the bay than those within the bay. Similarly, samples of the outer and eastern boundaries of the bay had higher biomass, diversity and abundance than those of the inner and western boundaries. Monthly average abundance and biomass of dry weight varied with water temperature. Maximum values were observed in August and September when the water temperature is high, and in February when the water temperature is low. The high annual abundance (15.8×10 3 ind/m 3) and biomass (227.8 mg·dW / m 3) indicated a rich zooplankton community of this bay. In the same year, the abundance of zooplankton was positively correlated to water temperature and the abundance of phytoplankton, but in different years a negative relationship was observed between the abundance of zooplankton and phytoplankton.

关 键 词： 柘林湾 浮游动物 群落结构 时空分布

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]