作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 安徽师范大学生命科学学院生物多样化研究中心

出　　处： 《应用生态学报》 2003年第1期35-42,共8页

摘　　要： 从白车轴草 (Trifoliumrepens)自然种群中采集无白车轴草单孢锈菌病史的无性系 (clones) 17个 ,有白车轴草单孢锈菌病史的无性系 14个 ,分别作为抗病型和感受型植物实验材料 ;采集白车轴草单孢锈菌 (Uromycestrifolii repentis)菌系 (strains) 10个 ,作为病菌实验材料 .分别设置并进行了两个温室实验、一个田间盆栽实验和一个原生长地移栽实验 ,实验处理上分对照、单菌系接种和 10个菌系接种等 3种 .实验结果表明 ,无论是用单菌系接种还是 10个菌系接种 ,植株发病的概率和程度均与其抗病性有关 ,抗病型植株 (无病史 )发病的概率和程度显著低于感受型 (有病史 )植株 .在相同处理的实验中 (无论是田间实验还是温室实验 ) ,无病史植株和有病史植株的生长无显著差异 ;不同处理田间实验植株的生长有显著差异 ,病情愈重 ,生长愈差 .无病史植株的抗病性明显强于有病史植株 .但是 ,原生长地的移栽实验结果表明 ,在无病原菌存在的情况下 ,有病史植株的 (叶 )生长显著好于无病史植株 .可以认为 ,研究生物个体对环境因子反应性差异的实验应当在自然条件下和自然梯度范围内进行 . healthy host clones and 14 clones originally diseased with the annual rust, Uromyces trifolii-repentis, were sampled from the natural population of Trifolium repens, which were used as the experimental plant materials. 10 rust strains of Uromyces trifolii-repentis were collected for the experimental inoculation. Two greenhouse and two field experiments were done, with three treatments as inoculated with one rust strain, inoculated with ten rust strains and controls, respectively. The results showed that originally healthy plants were more resistant, and originally diseased ones were more susceptible to the rust. However, there was a considerable overlap among some of the clones. Pot experiments, both in the greenhouse and in the field, revealed no significant differences in growth between originally healthy and originally diseased plants within the treatments (controls, inoculations with one strain and with ten strains). However, there were significant differences in growth between treatments. This lack of difference in growth within treatments contrasted to the result of a transplantation experiment in a natural meadow where the rust was absent. The transplantation experiment showed that originally diseased clones produced significantly more leaves than originally healthy ones (mean +S.E.:+0.77 and 17.6+0.49, respectively). Further, originally diseased clones showed more variation in leaf production, compared with the originally healthy ones. The difference between the pot experiments and the transplatation experiments tells that to study individual differentiation in responses to environmental factors, such experiments ought to be performed under a range of natural conditions, where various biotic and abiotic factors are involved.

关 键 词： 抗病性 生长 白车轴草 白车轴草单孢锈菌

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]