作　　者： ; ; (等）;

机构地区： 广东省农业科学院

出　　处： 《作物学报》 2003年第2期305-310,共6页

摘　　要： 采用禾谷类作物种子数量性状遗传模型 ,分析籼型黑米稻品种双列杂交 F1 和 F2 种子粒形性状与其中矿质元素 Fe、Zn、Mn和 P含量间的多种遗传相关性。结果表明 ,籼型黑米粒重、粒长、粒宽、粒长 /粒宽与其中 Fe、Zn、Mn和 P含量除存在明显的表现型相关和基因型相关外 ,尚存在较明显的种子直接加性相关、直接显性相关、细胞质相关、母体加性相关和母体显性相关 ,其中 ,粒重与 Zn、Mn和 P含量表现显著或极显著负向种子直接加性相关 ,与 P含量呈现极显著正向母体加性相关 ;粒长与 Fe和 Mn含量的种子直接加性相关为正 ,而与 Zn和 P的为负 ,且均达极显著水平 ;粒宽与 Mn含量的负向种子直接加性相关亦达极显著水平。据此 ,在籼型黑米杂交后代选择中 ,通过粒形性状的间接选择 ,可以达到改良其中某些矿质元素含量的营养品质育种目标。其中 ,选择窄粒或小粒型单粒种子材料 ,利于提高 Zn、Mn和 P含量 ;选择细长形单粒种子 ,利于提高 Fe、Mn含量 ,而选择短粒形单粒种子则利于提高 Zn、P含量 ;选择单株整体粒重偏大的材料利于提高 P含量。 Complete diallel crosses with 7 varieties of black pericarp rice were conducted to analyze the genetic correlations between grain characteristics and some mineral element contents, by using the genetic model for quantitative traits of seeds of cereal crops. The results showed that there existed not only significant phenotypic correlations and genotypic correlations but also significant genetic correlations including seed direct additive correlation (r A), seed direct dominance correlation (r D), cytoplasmic correlation (r C), maternal additive correlation (r Am), and maternal dominance correlation (r Dm)between grain characteristics including 100-grain weight, grain length, grain width and ratio of grain length to width and mineral elements, Fe, Zn, Mn and P contents in grains. Between 100-grain weight and Zn, Mn and P contents significant or most significant negative r A existed, while between 100-grain weight and P content a most significant positive r Am; between grain length and Fe and Mn contents most significant positive r A existed, while between grain length and Zn and P contents most significant negative r A existed, and between grain width and Mn content a most significant negative r A existed. According to these relusts, in selection of indica black pericarp rice hybrid offspring, the improvement for nutrient quality traits of mineral elements, Fe, Zn, Mn and P contents could be realized by indirect selection of grain characteristics, of which selection of single grain with narrow width or light weight tends to increase Zn, Mn and P contents; and selection of single long grain tends to increase Fe and Mn contents, while single short grain tends to raise Zn and P contents; On the other hand, selection of single plant with heavy grain weight tends to raise P content.

关 键 词： 籼型黑米 稻 粒形性状 矿质元素 含量 遗传相关性

领　　域： [农业科学]