作　　者： ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 兰州大学大气科学学院半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室

出　　处： 《环境科学》 2014年第11期4078-4084,共7页

摘　　要： 对收集到的我国35个城市的PM10有效实测源成分谱进行系统聚类,应用系统聚类和方差分析方法,对源成分谱进行聚类和区域的划分.对聚为一类的各城市源成分谱进行主成分分析,所得主成分得分系数作为权重,加权运算建立可替代源成分谱.利用R、CD以及CMB模型解析所得源贡献值的相对误差,评价所建立的可替代源成分谱的合理性及可行性.得到6种污染源的13个可替代源成分谱,煤烟尘与扬尘各三类,土壤风沙尘、钢铁尘与建筑水泥尘各两类,机动车尾气尘一类.煤烟尘与钢铁尘可以直接进行替代;建筑水泥尘不存在明显区域特征;机动车尾气尘由于数据代表性不足,建议采用实测源成分谱;土壤风沙尘与扬尘的替代标准有待进一步的研究. In order to establish the replaceable source profile for different regions,the effective source profiles of different source types in 35 cities were collected. The source profiles of the same kind were clustered to the appropriate classes by hierarchical cluster analysis. Variance analysis was used to evaluate the rationality of clustering results that were applied to the regional division of source profile. The replaceable source profiles were established based on the weighting sum of the calculating component scores which were obtained by principal components method. The reasonability and feasibility of the established replaceable source profiles were evaluated using correlation coefficient(R),coefficient of divergence(CD) and relative error(RE) of source contributions apportioned by CMB model between the determined and replaceable source profiles. A total of 13 replaceable source profiles were obtained for six kinds of pollutant sources,including three kinds each of coal fly ash dust and re-suspended dust,two kinds each of soil dust,metal smelt dust and construction cement dust,and one kind of vehicle exhaust dust. The replaceable source profiles of coal combustion fly ash and metal smelt dust could be directly used for source apportionment. There was no obvious regional division for construction cement dust profiles. Source profile of vehicle exhaust dust was suggested to be determined due to the lack of representative source data. More work needs to be done on the replaceable source profiles of soil dust and re-suspended dust.

关 键 词： 可替代源成分谱 聚类分析 方差分析 主成分分析 模型验证

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [环境科学与工程]