作　　者： ; ; ;

机构地区： 广东轻工职业技术学院食品与生物工程系

出　　处： 《环境工程》 2014年第9期6-10,共5页

摘　　要： 剩余污泥的处置问题日益突出,污泥减量化在污水处理系统的整个环节具有重要地位,基于污泥减量的各种微生物代谢机制,如溶胞-隐性生长、解偶联代谢、维持代谢等,从两个角度对目前取得较好减量效果及应用前景的原位剩余污泥减量技术研究进展进行介绍:1)基于传统生物废水处理工艺的改革,提出了在污水处理过程中增加新型预处理方式、强化膜生物反应器的应用及对传统成熟污水处理工艺进行组合、改进,介绍近年来在实验室及小试规模污水处理取得的研究成果,可以在实现污泥减量的同时保证出水水质。2)宏基因组技术在污泥减量中的应用,主要包括开发新型微生物培养技术、筛选特定功能基因及活性物质,在污水处理和污泥减量中充分利用未培养微生物资源。最后提出污泥减量技术的研究重点及方向,包括加强对污泥减量技术的经济评价、效益分析;充分利用数学工具、开发数学模型,优选可以反映实际生产情况的工艺参数;在基础研究及工程应用过程中加强高端检测手段的应用,深入有机污染物降解途径与微生物生长关系的机理研究。 Since the excess sludge disposal problems have become increasingly urgent,promising processes aimed for waste activated sludge(WAS) minimization are urgently demanded.Current research status for minimizing in-situ excess sludge production based on principles of lysis-cryptic growth,uncoupling metabolism and maintain metabolism were presented.The updated progress was introduced focusing on two aspects:1) Reform and adjustment based on conventional biological wastewater treatment process.New pretreatment was added before the sewage treatment process.Membrane bioreactor was enhanced and different traditional wastewater treatment processes were composed and improved to promote the effect of excess sludge minimization.2) Application of metagenomics technology in sludge minimization.New microbial culture methods were developed and specific functional gene or active substances were screened out.Uncultured microbial resource could be taken full advantage of during the wastewater treatment and sludge reduction process.Finally,the future research priorities and directions were presented including strengthening the economic evaluation and cost-benefit analysis,developing mathematical models to optimize suitable process parameters in accordance with the actual production,increasing the use of high-grade detection means,such as GC-MS,HPLC,RT-PCR in basic research or engineering applications and exploring mechanism of organic pollutants degradation pathway and the metabolism characterization of related microorganism.

关 键 词： 原位剩余污泥减量 微生物 宏基因组

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]