作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广西科学院

出　　处： 《基因组学与应用生物学》 2014年第6期1367-1373,共7页

摘　　要： 2,3-丁二醇是重要的生物基化学品和液体燃料,广泛应用在化工、食品、能源、医药等领域。单一构型的(R,R)-2,3-丁二醇不仅具有混旋型2,3-丁二醇的基本功能,而且在不对称合成方面优势突出,是合成手性试剂和手性配体的重要前体,在高价值手性液晶材料、医药和农药中间体的合成方面具有重要应用。本文全面综述了近年来生物法制备(R,R)-2,3-丁二醇的最新研究成果,总结了多粘类芽孢杆菌合成高光学纯(R,R)-2,3-丁二醇的分子机理、代谢途径、发酵底物和发酵工艺。同时介绍了利用代谢工程技术对天然微生物代谢网络进行重新设计和合理改造,以及利用合成生物学先进技术在模式菌株中重建(R,R)-2,3-丁二醇合成途径等方面所取得的研究进展。综述最后讨论了各种生物法存在的主要问题和重点研究方向,并提出了利用后基因组时代的系统生物学与合成生物学手段,通过合理设计和多途径优化的方法构建高效细胞工厂的指导性建议。 2,3-butanediol is widely used as a fuel and fuel additive and applied in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries as well. 2,3-BDO contains two stereo centers and has three stereoisomers including(R,R)-, meso- and(S,S)-forms. The optical active(R,R)-2,3-butanediol not only shares the basic functions with a mixture of stereoisomers of 2,3-butanediol, but also has outstanding advantages in asymmetric synthesis of high-value pharmaceuticals, agricultural compounds, as well as liquid crystals. This paper reviewed the latest research achievement in biological preparation of(R,R)-2,3-butanediol, and summarized the molecular mechanism,metabolic pathways, fermentation substrates, and fermentation technology for the synthesis of high optically pure(R,R)-2,3-butanediol in Paenibacillus polymyxa. Meanwhile, we also introduced the use of synthetic biology in reconstructing(R,R)-2,3-butanediol synthetic pathways in model strains, and research progress in using metabolic engineering technology in redesign and reasonable reconstruction of microbial metabolic networks. Lastly, main problems and research focus of various biological methods are discussed, and the guidelines to develop high-performance microbial cell factories by systems biology and synthetic biology methods through reasonable design and multi-channel optimization are also proposed.

关 键 词： 丁二醇 手性合成 代谢工程 合成生物学 微生物细胞工厂

领　　域： [化学工程]