作　　者： ; ; ; (简伟军）; (刘远）; (赵祖龙）;

机构地区： 大连海洋大学

出　　处： 《光谱学与光谱分析》 2014年第9期2466-2471,共6页

摘　　要： 石油类物质对水体吸收系数的影响主要通过黄色物质(CDOM)体现出来,CDOM和石油类物质皆具有荧光基团,如果两者的荧光图谱各自特征明显的话,那么有望利用荧光技术分离出水中石油物质和CDOM各自对水体总吸收系数的贡献,从而提高水体石油类物质含量的遥感反演精度。以大连周边海水和山区水库水为自然水体本底,分别与取自采油污水厂和炼油污水厂的污水进行混合配比,利用试验数据分析了仅含CDOM、含油与CDOM混合、仅含石油三种水样的荧光图谱特征,旨在为利用荧光技术分离出水中石油物质和CDOM各自对水体总吸收系数的贡献提供依据。分析结果表明:(1)自然水体中,海水的CDOM具有三个典型荧光峰,分别位于Ex:225-230nm/Em:320~330nm,Ex:280nm/Em:340nm和Ex:225-240nm/Em:430~470nm,为海水叶绿素碎屑物所致;淡水具有两典型荧光峰,分别位于:Ex:240~260nm/Em:420~450nm和Ex:310~350nm/Em:420~440nm,为陆源物质所致;(2)用正己烷萃取后的仅含油水样,具有1~3个荧光峰,分别位于Ex:220~240nm/Em:320-340nm,Ex:270~290nm/Em:310~340nm和Ex:220~235nm/Em:280~310nm,为各自烃类成分所致;(3)在自然水体中混入油污水后,含油和CDOM的水样荧光图谱呈现出一个非常强的荧光峰,位于Ex:230~250nm/Em:320~370nm,为CDOM和石油类物质荧光成分共同作用所致。 In four ratio experiments,natural waters,sampled from the mountain reservoir and the sea water around Dalian city,were mixed with the sewage from petroleum refinery and petroleum exploitation plants.The fluorescence spectra of water samples containing only chromophoric dissolved organic matters(CDOM),samples containing only petroleum,and samples containing a mixture of petroleum and CDOM were analyzed,respectively.The purpose of this analysis is to provide a basis for determining the contribution of petroleum substances and CDOM to the total absorption coefficient of the petroleum-contaminated water by using fluorescence technique.The results showed that firstly,CDOM in seawater had three main fluorescence peaks at Ex:225~230nm/Em:320~330nm,Ex:280nm/Em:340nm and Ex:225~240nm/Em:430~470nm,respectively,and these may arise from the oceanic chlorophyll.CDOM in natural reservoir water had two main fluorescence peaks at EX:240~260nm/Em:420~450nm and Ex:310~350nm/Em:420~440nm,respectively,and these may arise from the terrestrial sources;secondly,the water samples containing only petroleum extracted with n-hexane had one to three fluorescence spectral peaks at Ex:220~240nm/Em:320~340nm,Ex:270~290nm/Em:310~340nm and Ex:220~235nm/Em:280~310nm,respectively,caused by their hydrocarbon component;finally,the water samples containing both petroleum and CDOM showed a very strong fluorescence peak at Ex:230~250nm/Em:320~370nm,caused by the combined effect of CDOM and petroleum hydrocarbons.

关 键 词： 自然水体 石油物质 荧光图谱

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [环境科学与工程]