作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中华人民共和国农业部

出　　处： 《果树学报》 2014年第5期977-985,共9页

摘　　要： 【目的】应用质地多面分析法(TPA测试)对‘华红’苹果采后质地变化及6个苹果品种质地特性进行分析。【方法】以套袋和未套袋苹果‘华红’和其他不同熟期苹果品种‘寒富’、‘华红’、‘华苹’、‘红星’、‘嘎拉’、‘津轻’为试材,通过TPA测试法测定果肉质地参数,并分析各质地参数相关性。【结果】‘华红’套袋和未套袋果实各项质地参数变化在常温贮藏过程中变化趋势基本一致,果肉硬度和咀嚼性呈下降趋势,内聚性、弹性、回复性、黏附性变化不大,且未套袋‘华红’果肉各质地参数都稍高于套袋的,但差异不显著。相关性分析表明:‘华红’果肉的硬度和咀嚼性呈极显著正相关,弹性与内聚性、回复性呈显著正相关,与黏附性呈显著负相关,回复性与内聚性、弹性呈显著正相关。不同苹果品种质地参数之间果肉的硬度与弹性、咀嚼性呈显著正相关,回复性和内聚性呈极显著正相关,咀嚼性与弹性呈显著正相关。通过对6个苹果品种果肉TPA测试,同时实现了各质地参数的量化比较。综合以上说明硬度、咀嚼性、内聚性、回复性、弹性中的一项或多项可以作为表征‘华红’果实质地和比较6个苹果品种果实质地差异性的主要参数。【结论】TPA测试能准确反映‘华红‘果实在贮藏过程中果肉的质地变化规律,并且能够作为一种方法以比较不同品种苹果果实质地差异性。 【Objective】The objective of the study was to analyse the changes of texture properties of ‘Huahong' apple during storage,the texture properties of different apple varieties by using texture profile analysis.【Method】The flesh texture properties of ‘Huahong' apples(bagged and non-bagged)and six different apple varieties(‘Hanfu',‘Huahong',‘Huaping',‘Starking',‘Gala' and ‘Tsugaru') were studied bytexture profile analysis(TPA),and the correlation among the textures was analysed.【Result】The texture properties of ‘Huahong 'apple(bagged and non-bagged) had the similar variation trend.The hardness and chewiness had the same decreasing trend,and the cohesiveness,springiness,resilience and adhesivenesshad little change during the storage at ambient temperature.The flesh texture properties of non-bagged ‘Huahong' were a little higher than the bagged,but no significant differences.Correlation analysis showed that the flesh hardness of ‘Huahong' apple had positive correlation with chewiness,the springiness had positive correlation with cohesiveness and resilience,but had negative correlation with adhesiveness.Resilience had positive correlation with cohesiveness and springiness.The hardness of different apple varieties had positive correlation with springiness and chewiness,resilience had significant positive correlation with cohesiveness,chewiness was positively correlated with springiness.The texture properties of the six apple varieties had been compared quantitatively by using TPA test.Based on the above,theone or more texture properties of hardness,chewiness,cohesiveness,springiness,resilience could be evaluated as the fruit texture of‘Huahong' and used to distinguish the differences among six apple varieties as the important parameter.【Conclusion】In conclusion,texture profile analysis could exactly reflect the changes of the texture parameters of ‘Huahong' during storage and could be used as a new method tocompare the fruit texture differences of the different cultivars.

关 键 词： 苹果 品种 果肉 质地参数 测试

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]