作　　者： ; ; ; (谈家伦）;

机构地区： 西北大学生命科学学院生物科学系

出　　处： 《动物学报》 2002年第6期707-715,共9页

摘　　要： 应用目标动物取样法 ,在 113天的跟踪观察 (有效观察时间 35 1小时 )的基础上 ,收集了 2 93个相互理毛回合 (bout)的数据 ,对秦岭川金丝猴 (Rhinopithecusroxellana)玉皇庙西梁群个体间的相互理毛进行了分析 ,检验相互理毛是否符合卫生功能假说 (Hygienicfunctionalhypothesis)。在分析数据前我们将标本的体表分为17部分 ,并定义了各部分的界限和其所占全身表面积百分比。根据自我理毛行为在身体表面各部位可进行的难易程度 ,将其分为不可进行、难以进行和易于进行部位的三种类型。为了了解相互理毛是否集中在自我理毛不容易进行的部位 ,我们做了三个相应的分析 :自我理毛在全身的分配、各部位得到相互理毛的情况、不同年龄性别组得到相互理毛的情况。结果表明限法进行自我理毛的部位得到相对多的相互理毛、难以进行自我理毛的部位得到相互理毛百分比与其占总表面积百分比相一致、易于进行部位得到相对少的相互理毛 ,这种自我理毛与相互理毛之间的补偿关系符合卫生假说。但是并非所有难以或无法进行自我理毛的部位得到均匀的相互理毛 ,相互理毛主要集中在背部和肛门繁殖区 ,不同年龄性别组的相互理毛受到社会等级的影响 ,相互理毛的这种选择性分配 ,说明除了有卫生功能外还应该有其它的功能含义。 To test the hygienic functional hypothesis of allogrooming in the Sichuan snub nosed monkey, we analyzed the distribution of such behavior over the body surface of individuals in the West Ridge Troop in the Yuhuangmiao region of the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province, China. Based on 113 days of observations of the troop, 293 allogrooming bouts were recorded using focal animal sampling. We divided the body surface of the monkeys into 17 areas. Before data analyses, 12 specimens were measured in order to calculate the size of each area. Each area was then ranked according to its level of accessibility to the groomer: easy to reach, difficult to reach, and inaccessible. We performed three successive analyses to determine: 1) the overall distribution of allogrooming behavior on body surface areas; 2) the overall distribution of allogroomed areas based on the three categories of accessibility; and 3) age and sex class differences in allogrooming frequencies based on both the defined body surface areas and the accessibility categories. Our preliminary results show that allogrooming behavior concentrates primarily on the dorsal and anogenital regions. Accordingly, the postures of grooming dyads precludes them from facing each other, a potential social strategy adopted by these monkeys to reduce tension and decrease conflict. Allogrooming also occurred most frequently on body surface areas in the inaccessible category. We found that the frequency of allogrooming of difficult to reach areas was proportional to the size these areas covered on the monkeys body. Furthermore, areas that were easy to reach were less frequently allogroomed than expected. Finally, the findings on age and sex class differences showed that allogrooming were influenced by social ranking. The distribution of allogrooming behavior on body surface areas strongly suggests that cleaning is an important motivation for such activity; therefore, the results support the hygienic functional hypothesis.

关 键 词： 川金丝猴 相互理毛行为 卫生功能

领　　域： [生物学] [生物学]