作　　者： ; (王雅丽等）;

机构地区： 华南师范大学

出　　处： 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 1988年第3期259-264,共6页

摘　　要： 以不同浓度的氯乙唑(Paclobutrazol.PP333)溶液施用于5叶期的花生幼苗。施用方法分为喷施和土施。地上部施用部位又分为涂叶和涂茎。40天后测量植株生长、蒸腾速率和气孔阻力,观察叶片结构,结果表明:1.PP333抑制花生主茎的生长,减少地上部分干重,对根部干重无影响甚至略增,根茎比增大,气孔阻力大,蒸腾速率下降,贮水细胞体积增大,这些解剖和生理特征,有利于抵抗水分胁迫。2.PP333可使叶片表皮细胞变小,叶绿体的基粒片层数目少,基质片层也稀疏,抑制叶绿体发育。3.土施 PP333对花生生长抑制效应比喷施显著得多。根部吸收的抑制效果最大,茎部居中,叶片最不明显。 Pot-grown peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv.Yue-You No.551—116 at five-leaf- stage were treated with 0,266 or 532 ppm growth retardant PP333 aqueous solution as a soil drench and liquid spray to the whole shoot,smeared on the stems or fully developed leaves. Forty days after treatment,growth rate of main stem and transpiratory rate were measured and the ultrastructures of leaf and chloroplast were also observed under electron microscope.The re- suits obtained are as follows:1.PP333 resulted in reduction of stem elongation and dry weight of shoot,but there was no influence or even slight enhancement with the dry weight of root,thus,the root:stem ratio was increased.By applicating PP333,transpiratory rate was less than that of the control,but the water storage cells in treated leaves were significantly larger. These anatomical and physiological characteristics of treated plant are an advantage in to- lerating the drought stress.2.Compared with the control,PP33 caused the epidermal cell size smaller and reduced the number of grana lamella and stroma lamella,so development of chloroplast was inhibited.3.Significant retardation occurred when PP333 was applied to soil as compared with that applied to the shoot.Ambng shoot applications,the stem is more effec- tive at reducing stem elongation than that to the leaf.Based on the results mentioned above, authors suggest that the most effective method of PP333.application for peanut is soil drench.

关 键 词： 叶片结构 花生 茎 生长 叶片 蒸腾速率 贮水细胞 叶绿体 吸收部位 植物生长延缓剂

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]