作　　者： ; ; ; ; (孙善教）; (叶成瑞）;

机构地区： 安徽农业大学

出　　处： 《应用生态学报》 2002年第11期1437-1440,共4页

摘　　要： 对安徽沿江棉田捕食性天敌群落动态进行了研究 .结果表明 ,棉田捕食性天敌种类很多 ,共记录19种 ,主要优势种为龟纹瓢虫、草间小黑蛛、八斑球腹蛛、三突花蛛、小花蝽和三色长蝽 .捕食性天敌数量丰富 ,但雨季较少 .优势种中龟纹瓢虫、三突花蛛、小花蝽和三色长蝽主要分布于棉株上部和中部 ,草间小黑蛛和八斑球腹蛛主要分布于棉株中、下部 .群落多样性在棉花生育期前期较高 ,7月上旬棉花蕾花期达最大值 ,此后不断下降 .影响群落多样性的主要因子 ,在棉花生育前期 (苗期至蕾花期 )是物种丰富度 ,在棉花生育后期 (花铃期至吐絮期 )是均匀度 .群落特征在 8月中旬前棉花苗期至花铃期较为类似 ,以后群落优势种特征日益突出 ,群落变化显著 . The dynamics of predatory natural enemy community in cotton field along the Yangtze River in Anhui province was studied. The results showed that there were totally 19 species of predatory natural enemies,and the dominant species were Propylaea japonica, Erigonidium graminicola, Theridium octomaculatum, Misumenops tricuspidatus, Orius minutes and Geocoris ochropterus . The predatory natural enemies in the cotton fields were rather abundant in the whole growing period of cotton,except the rainy season. Among the dominant species, P. japonica, M. tricuspidatus, O. minutes and G. ochropterus were distributed mainly in the upper and middle parts of cotton plants,while E. graminicola and T. octomaculatum mainly in the middle and lower parts of cotton plants. The diversities of the community were relatively high in the early developmental period of cotton, and reached the top level in the bud and flowering period of cotton in the first 10 days of July, then declined successively hereafter. The principal factor affecting the diversity was species richness in the early developmental period of cotton (from shoot period to bud and flowering period), and species evenness in the late developmental period of cotton (from flowering and boll period to boll opening period). The characteristics of the community were relatively analogous before the second 10 days of August (from shoot period to flowering and boll period of cotton), but after this period, the characteristics changed obviously with the features of the dominant species getting more and more conspicuous.

关 键 词： 棉田 捕食性天敌 群落动态研究

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]