作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 湛江海洋大学水产学院

出　　处： 《热带海洋学报》 2002年第4期36-44,共9页

摘　　要： 对湛江、海南不同养殖时期高位池浮游植物优势种进行调查,结果表明:在养殖中、后期不同藻相的高位池中,优势种有波吉卵囊藻Oocystisborgei、小球藻Chlorellasp.、透镜壳衣藻Phacotuslenticularis、小席藻Phormidiumtenue、鞘丝藻Lyngbyasp.、小颤藻Oscillatoriatenuis、铙孢角毛藻Chaetoceroscincius、柱状小环藻Cyclotellastylorum、细小桥弯藻Cymbrlla pusillapusilla、扁多甲藻Peridiniomdepressum等10种;次优势种为扁藻Platymonassp.、湛江等鞭金藻Isochrysiszhanjiangensis等2种。发现虾池中优势种突出和单一,细胞数占浮游植物总量的49%—99%。不同优势种的同种水色的水环境稳定性有明显差异。波吉卵囊藻为优势种的水质较为稳定,其优势种持续时间为40—50d;硅藻优势种群相对不稳定,优势种持续时间为5—15d;小席藻细胞数高达2160×107个·L-1,易形成赤潮。波吉卵囊藻是高位池中分布广、种群较为稳定的藻株。高位池中藻相的选择是对虾生态养殖、生态防病必需的。 Investigations were conducted on dominant phytoplankton species in the highlevel ponds during middle and late periods of prawn culture in Hainan and Zhanjiang.The results showed that the dominant phytoplankton species in highlevel ponds with different alga facies were Oocystis borgei,Chlorella sp.,Phacotus lenticularis,Phormidium tenue,Lyngbya sp.,Oscillatoria tenuis,Chaetoceros cincius,Cyclotella stylorum,Cymbrllapusilla pusilla and Peridiniom depressam;and the subdominant species were Platymonas sp. and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis,indicating salience and singleness of the dominant species.The abundance of dominant species was up to 49%-99% of total phytoplankton.There was a visible difference in water environment stability of the homogeneity water color which was indicated by different dominant species.The water quality seemed more stable if the dominant species was mainly Oocystis borgei.The dominant species lasted for 40-50 days.The dominant species of Bacillariophyta lasted for 5-15 days and the population was instable.The density of Phormidium sp.was 2 160×107 cells·L- 1 and it was easy to trigger red tide.Oocystis borgei is a good species of alga in highlevel prawn ponds.It is necessary to seclect alga facies in the ecological culture and antidiseases culture pattern.

关 键 词： 种群 成因 对虾 高位池 浮游植物 优势种 波吉卵囊藻 生态环境

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]