作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 国家测绘地理信息局

出　　处： 《遥感学报》 2016年第5期1216-1229,共14页

摘　　要： 海岸带作为连接海洋和陆地系统的特殊地理地带,与人类的生存与发展密切相关,但其自然和生态环境极其脆弱和敏感。气候变化和人类活动给海岸带环境带来了巨大压力,导致其生态环境不断恶化。随着技术的发展,近年来遥感技术已成为海岸带地理环境监测的重要手段之一,在海岸带规划、管理和保护中扮演着举足轻重的角色。本文对遥感技术在海岸带地理环境监测典型应用(土地利用/覆盖、土壤质量、植被、海岸线、水色、水深和水下地形及灾害)中的主要数据源、方法、结果和局限性进行归纳和总结,并对其未来发展提出展望。 A coastal zone is a special geographical zone that connects marine and terrestrial systems. Itis closely related to human existence and development. However, its natural and ecological environments are extraordinarily vulnerable and sensitive, Climate changes and hu- man activities have large impacts on coastal zones, including the deterioration of the ecological environment. With technical advancement, remote sensing has become an important method in the geo-environmental monitoring of coastal zones, as well as in the planning, manage- ment, and protection of coastal zones. This paper reviews the main data sources, methods, and limitations of the applications of remote sens- ing techniques （i.e., land use/cover, soil quality, vegetation, coastal line, water color, water depth, underwater topography, and disaster） in the geo-environmental monitoring of coastal zones. The prospects for furore development are also discussed. Moderate or low resolution （e.g., MODIS, Landsat TM/ETM＋, and SPOT）, hyperspectral resolution（e.g., ground-based ASD reflect- ance, Hyperion, Hymap, and CASI）, and high resolution （e.g., Quickbird, WorldView, and Pleiades） remote sensing data have been widely used in the monitoring of land use/cover, soil quality, vegetation, coastal line, and water color in coastal zones. Airborne laser radar, mi- crowave, and synthetic aperture radar（e.g., ALOS PALSAR and InSAR） data are mainly used in the monitoring of water depth, underwater topography, and disasters in coastal zones. Multi-source data fusion （e.g.,LiDAR-hyperspectral and high-resolution hyperspectral） provides a new method for improving monitoring accuracy. The classification and extraction or quantitative retrieval of land use/cover, soil quality, vegetation, coastal line, water color, water depth, underwater topography, and disasters are the main processes in the geo-environmental monitoring of coastal zones. The main meth- ods for classification and extraction are maximum likelihood, vegetation index, support

关 键 词： 土地利用 覆盖 土壤质量 植被 海岸线 水色 水深 灾害

领　　域： [自动化与计算机技术] [自动化与计算机技术]