作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 广西大学农学院

出　　处： 《西南农业学报》 2016年第7期1639-1643,共5页

摘　　要： 通过田间试验和培养试验,研究硅对酸性土壤上甘蔗锰毒的缓解作用。结果表明,施用偏硅酸钠后,出现甘蔗黄化病的甘蔗地土壤p H值显著升高,幼苗期及分蘖期甘蔗新叶叶绿素含量显著增加,且各生育期甘蔗新叶中锰含量均显著降低。同时在高锰胁迫下,在培养液中添加的偏硅酸钠(1、2、4 mmol·L^(-1) Si)也显著增加甘蔗幼苗的生物产量而降低幼叶中锰含量;在高Mn培养液中分别添加1、2、4 mmol·L^(-1)硅酸,各处理的甘蔗幼苗生物产量显著高于对照,且生物产量随着硅添加量的增加而增加,叶片及茎中锰含量均显著降低,并且幼叶中锰降低的幅度大于老叶和茎;硅处理后,幼叶中活性铁的含量显著增加。硅酸盐的施用可有效降低植株中锰含量、减少幼叶中锰的分布而增加叶片中铁的有效性,并可防治过多锰引起的甘蔗幼苗黄化,促进锰胁迫下甘蔗幼苗的生长。 The alleviation of silicon manganese toxicity in sugarcane were investigated by field experiment and culture experiments. The re- sults showed that application of sodium metasilicate to acid soils resulted in significantly elevation in soil pH value and chlorophyll content in young leaves of the plants in seedling and tillering stages, while Mn content in young leaves of the plants in different growth periods signifi- cantly decreased. Moreover, the application of 1,2, 4 mmol·L^-1 sodium metasilicate to nutrition solutions induced significantly increase in seedlings biomass and a decrease of Mn content in young leaves of the seedlings under high Mn （ 1 mmol·L^-1） stress. Furthermore, the biomaes of seedlings under high Mu in the treatment with 1,2,4 mmol·L^-1 silicic acid was significantly higher than that in the control without silicate addiction and the biomass increased with silicate addiction rate. Mn content in stems and leaves significantly decreased after the treatment with silicate although Mn content in roots failed to remark alternation. And the depressed range of Mn content in young leaves was higher than those in elder leaves and stems. On the other hands, active Fe a content in young leaves increased after silicate treatment. The application of silicate result in the decrease of Mn in plants and distribution in young leaves but enhance Fe activity in young leaves and improve seedlings growth in high Mn condition. Therefore, the application of silicate is an effective method to regulate exess Mn-induced chloreals in sugarcane seedlings and promote the growth of plant.

关 键 词： 硅 甘蔗 锰毒 缓解

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学]