作　　者： ;

机构地区： 南方医科大学马克思主义学院

出　　处： 《近代史研究》 2016年第4期51-67,160-161,共17页

摘　　要： 20世纪20年代,国民党为治理党军分离的痼疾,决议改党建校,以校建军,引入苏俄党军体制。1924年黄埔军校成立,成为近代中国实践崭新驭军模式的开始。但在孙中山、廖仲恺、蒋介石等人的认知与践行之间,存在难以去除的隔膜。1924年初开始建立的党军体制,其制度规划与实际运行既有契合也有背离。国民党政权的军事现代化之路——党化与国家化,新旧杂糅,荆棘丛生。此后,在这种"党军""国军"的名义下,军权支配党权、政权。兼带私人属性的党军、军政关系,对国民党政权的成长与政治命运造成了重大影响。 In the 1920 s,in order to manage chronic divisions between the Kuomintang(KMT) and the military,the KMT decided to reorganize the party and build a military academy.It then used the academy to build the military and introduced the Soviet Union's party-military system.The establishment of Whampoa Military Academy in 1924 became the point at which modern China first put a new system for the management of the military into practice.However,the differences between the ideas and practices of Sun Yat-sen,Liao Zhongkai,Chiang Kai-shek and others were difficult to overcome.When the party-military system was first established in 1924,only some of the actual changes were in accord with the institutional plans.The KMT regime's road for military modernization-which included bringing the military into alignment with both the party and the nation—blended the old and the new,and many difficulties arose.Since then,military power,referred to as the 'party military' and the 'national military,' dominated both party power and political power.The characteristics of the individual relationships between the party and the military and between the government and the military both strongly influenced the development and political fortunes of the KMT.

关 键 词： 孙中山 廖仲恺 蒋介石 黄埔军校 党军体制

领　　域： [历史地理]