作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 宿州学院

出　　处： 《生态学杂志》 2016年第5期1197-1203,共7页

摘　　要： 群落异质性对于揭示破碎化生境上的生态格局具有十分重要的参考价值。本文以黄土高原子午岭林区的油松林为研究对象，通过群落中的物种组成异质性度量群落异质性，分析了其林下植被的群落异质性大小及其成分（物种内嵌成分和物种更替成分）对总体群落异质性的相对贡献，揭示了生境异质性对群落异质性的影响。结果表明：（1）油松林林下植被呈现了较高的群落异质性，并随粒度的增加（即随着取样单元数的增加）而逐渐增大，最终趋于稳定状态。（2）油松林的群落异质性由物种内嵌和物种更替两种过程共同完成，二者的相对贡献依赖于空间粒度，但以物种更替为主。（3）生境异质性与群落异质性及物种更替成分均呈显著正相关，解释了二者变异的71％-84％；生境异质性与物种内嵌成分呈显著负相关，解释了其变异的25％-44％。从物种多样性保护的角度考虑，人工油松林的所有样地都具有恢复其林下物种多样性的保护价值，而营造较高的生境异质性可能是促进物种多样性恢复的重要保证。 Community heterogeneity has particular relevance for explaining ecological patterns in fragmented habitats. Using compositional heterogeneity as a measure of community heterogeneity, community heterogeneity patterns were investigated for pine plantations （Pinus tabuliformis） in the Ziwu Mountains of Loess Plateau, Northwest China. The patterns of two community heteroge- neity components （i.e. nestedness component and turnover component） were also assessed using additive partitioning. The results showed that： （ 1 ） the pine plantations generally displayed high community heterogeneity, which increased with the quantity of spatial grains （i. e. sampling units） and eventually approached to a stable state; （2） both species turnover and nestedness component had significant effects on community heterogeneity, and the former played a dominant role at all scales and layers; （3） habitat heterogeneity was significantly positively correlated to both community heterogeneity and its turnover component, and explained a larger proportion of their variations （71%-84%） ; by contrast, it was significantly negatively correlated to the nest- edness component, and accounted for a smaller proportion of the nestedness component variation （ 25%-44% ）. The dominance of the spatial turnover component suggested the potential tion values of all sample plots for pine plantations, and higher habitat heterogeneity was for restoring species diversity of plantations. conserva- necessary for restoring species diversity of plantations.

关 键 词： 人工林 多样地非相似性 物种周转 物种丰富度 生境异质性

领　　域： [农业科学]