作　　者： ; ; ; ; (赵英孜）; (刘德全）; (周志华）; (李顺巨）; (陈思杨）;

机构地区： 深圳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处： 《环境科学学报》 2015年第9期2739-2744,共6页

摘　　要： 采用同位素稀释的高分辨气相色谱/高分辨磁式质谱联用仪(HRGC/HRMS)对深圳市8所垃圾焚烧厂飞灰中二噁英进行准确定量检测,分析比较不同炉型、不同种类废弃物焚烧厂飞灰中的二噁英浓度水平和分布情况.结果发现8所废弃物焚烧炉飞灰中二噁英浓度差异较大,5所往复炉排生活垃圾焚烧炉样品中二噁英的质量浓度和TEQ浓度平均值都小于热解型医疗垃圾焚烧炉.两所不同的工业危险废物焚烧炉中,以烧废物矿油的立式筒焚烧炉的二噁英含量远大于以焚烧电路板为主的回转窑焚烧炉.不同焚烧炉飞灰中二噁英异构体的浓度分布具有相类似的特征,高氯代二噁英的含量明显高于低氯代二噁英同系物.不同的PCDD/Fs单体对I-TEQ的贡献率在不同的焚烧设备中十分相似,2,3,4,7,8-Pe CDF、1,2,3,7,8-Pe CDD、2,3,4,6,7,8-Hx CDF 3种单体是TEQ浓度的主要贡献单体.在布袋除尘器前喷淋活性炭能有效吸附烟气中二噁英,将其转移到飞灰中.本研究是首次针对深圳市运行中的废弃物焚烧炉进行飞灰中二噁英排放分析,为二噁英排放监控提供重要的基础数据. Levels of PCDD/Fs in fly ash from eight incinerators in Shenzhen were accurately quantitative and qualitative analyzed using isotope dilution high resolution gas chromatograph/high resolution double-focusing magnetic mass spectrometry（ HRGC/HRMS）,and concentration and distribution of PCDD/Fs in fly ash from different furnaces and different types of waste were further compared. The results showed that concentrations of PCDD/Fs in fly ash varied largely. Both of the average mass concentration and TEQ concentration of PCDD/Fs in five reciprocating gate municipal wastes incinerators were less than those in pyrolysis medical incinerator. In the two hazardous waste incinerators,the PCDD/Fs levels of vertical drum hazardous waste incinerator were greater than those of rotary kiln hazardous waste incinerator. The distributions of PCDD/Fs homologues in fly ash from these eight incinerators weresimilar and the concentrations of higher-chlorinated PCDD/Fs homologues were remarkably higher than those of lower-chlorinated homologues. Moreover,the contribution rate of PCDD/Fs homologues to TEQ was quite similar in different incinerators,and 2,3,4,7,8-Pe CDF,1,2,3,7,8 Pe CDD and 2,3,4,6,7,8 Hx CDF were the three predominant contributors to the total concentration of TEQ. Spraying activated carbon in front of the bag-type dust collector could effectively adsorb PCDD/Fs in flue gas and transfer them to fly ash. This study was the first to reveal the dioxins emissions from running waste incinerators in Shenzhen and provided important data for the monitoring of dioxin emissions.

关 键 词： 二噁英 飞灰 焚烧炉 活性炭

领　　域： [环境科学与工程]