作　　者： ; ; ; (平韶波）;

机构地区： 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院

出　　处： 《热加工工艺》 2015年第11期239-242,249,共5页

摘　　要： 采用无损检测、化学成分分析、微观检验及能谱分析等方法对某品牌菜刀在刀身(2Cr13)与刀刃(1Cr17+8Cr X+1Cr17复合材料)异种钢焊接处开裂的原因进行了深入分析。结果表明,裂纹出现在异种钢焊缝中,沿纵向焊缝分布。裂纹前端出现大量条状δ铁素体析出物,它的存在显著降低了两侧材料的结合强度,是引起裂纹的主要原因。δ铁素体的析出环境为高碳高铬区的形成,析出温度为1200℃,因此改善焊接工艺是解决刀具裂纹产生的有效措施,具体包括:1使焊缝熔池中的金属成分尽量均匀,避免出现局部的高碳高铬区;2尽量避免焊缝金属在1200℃以上区间保留时间过长。 The crack in dissimilar steel welding with the blade（1Cr17＋8Cr X＋1Cr17 compound） and main part（2Cr13） of a certain kitchen knife were investigated by non-destructive examination, chemical composition analysis, microscopic examination and energy spectrometer. The results indicate that the crack appears in the dissimilar steel seam along the longitudinal weld distribution. A large number of lath δ ferrite precipitation, which significantly reduces the bonding strength of two materials welded, is a main cause of the cracking. δ ferrite nucleates commonly in the area with high carbon and high chromium, and precipitates above 1200℃. Thus, it is an effective measure to improve the welding process in order to avoid the cracking for this tool, including that the chemical composition of metal in welding poll is as uniform as possible to avoid the local area with high carbon and high chromium; the residence time of metal in welding seam is as short as possible at above 1200℃.

关 键 词： 菜刀 不锈钢 异种钢焊接 开裂

领　　域： [金属学及工艺]