作　　者： ; ; ; ; (孙帮成）;

机构地区： 大连交通大学交通运输工程学院

出　　处： 《铁道学报》 2015年第2期10-17,共8页

摘　　要： 本文建立包括头车、尾车、中间车、受电弓、转向架在内的CRH3型高速列车整车三维绕流流动的数值计算模型,用Fluent软件计算不同速度的外部稳态流场,基于稳态流场结果,使用宽频带噪声源模型计算车身表面气动噪声源,得到车体表面声功率级分布;以稳态流场为初始值,用大涡模拟计算车外部瞬态流场,基于瞬态流场用FW-H噪声模型预测高速列车辐射的远场噪声;分析车体表面声功率级和远场总声压级的分布规律,并将车体侧面远场噪声计算结果与试验结果进行比较分析。结果表明:列车高速运行时的气动噪声源主要是迎风侧车头及受电弓等曲率变化较大的曲面,受电弓滑板表面声功率级最大,高于头车头部15dB;从总声压级来看,受电弓滑板、头车第一个转向架和头车鼻尖处总声压级分别为160dB、135dB、130dB,受电弓滑板处具有最大的总声压级;从车体侧面噪声来看,离地面越近噪声越大。通过将远场噪声计算结果与噪声测试结果的对比证明了本文计算结果的准确性。 A three-dimension computational fluid dynamics model is built on the CRH3 high speed train including a head nose-coach,a tail nose-coach,a middle coach,apantograph and 6bogies.Different speeds of the exterior steady fluid field are computed using the Fluent software.Based on the results of the steady fluid field,the aerodynamic noise source on the body surface is computed using the broadband noise source model to obtain the distribution of sound power level on the body surface.Using the steady fluid field results as original values,the exterior transient fluid dynamics computations are performed by large eddy simulation.Based on the transient fluid field,the far-field aerodynamic noise radiated by the high-speed train is predicted using the FWH model.After analysis is made on the distribution law of the sound power level and the far field overall sound pressure level on the body surface,the computational results of the body side far field noise and the test results are compared.The results show that the aerodynamic noise sources from a running high speed train are mainly from the upwind side of the train head and pantograph,where a big curvature change exists.The acoustic power level on the surface of the pantograph slide plate is maximum,15 dB higher than head surface.The overall sound pressure levels（SPL）of the pantograph slide plate,the first bogie and head nose are 160 dB,135dB and 130 dB,respectively,with maximal overall SPL on the surface of the pantograph slide plate.For the roadside noise,the closer the observation points are to the ground,the higher the noise is.The validity ofthe results is affirmed by a comparison between the far-field noise calculation results and noise test results.

关 键 词： 高速列车 气动噪声 声压级 声功率

领　　域： [机械工程] [交通运输工程] [交通运输工程]