作　　者： ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所

出　　处： 《水产学报》 2014年第12期1985-1995,共11页

摘　　要： 为了探索池塘生态系统中生物膜形成过程固着微生物对碳源的需求特征,以生态基为生物膜载体材料,以草鱼养殖池塘为生物膜培养环境,利用Biolog技术,分析了生物膜形成过程中（第0、15、30、45和60天）微生物群落碳代谢特征。结果表明,不同采样时间生物膜固着微生物样品平均颜色变化率（average well color development,AWCD）均在培养168 h后达到稳定,并且5个采样时间点的AWCD值即对单一碳源的利用能力存在显著差异,生物膜固着微生物的碳代谢能力在15、30、45 d时最强,显著高于0和60 d（P〈0.05）;多样性指数也呈现出与AWCD值相同的规律,15、30和45 d生态基的4类多样性指数（Shannon指数、Pielou指数、Mc Intosh指数和丰富度指数）均显著高于0和60 d（P〈0.05）;同一采样时间生物膜固着微生物对多聚物类和碳水化合物类的利用率明显高于胺类、氨基酸类、酚类和羧酸类;随着生物膜的形成,固着微生物提高了对α-D-葡萄糖-1-磷酸、L-丝氨酸、N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖氨、吐温40、D-甘露醇等碳源的利用率;生物膜微生物代谢特征PCA分析表明,主成分1（PC1）贡献度为33.9%,主成分2（PC2）贡献度为21.1%,15、30和45 d的固着微生物群落差异较小,碳源代谢差异不显著,而与0和60 d的碳代谢差异显著。池塘生态系统中生物膜固着微生物在15~45 d代谢能力最强,且对碳源的利用是有选择性的。 Microbial biofilm can be defined as multi-cellular aggregates adhering to carrier material,and has been widely used in water restoration. Despite prior research, the metabolic function of biofilm remains poorly understood. Using Eco-substrates as biofilm support, we evaluated the carbon requirements of microbial biofilm communities during biofilm formation （0,15,30,45,60 d）in the grass carp culture pond by Biolog-ECO plates. Our result showed that average well color development （AWCD）reached stationary phase after 168 h cultivation in all five selected sampling stages, and there were significant differences in sole carbon utilization characterized as AWCD value among five stages, and the higher carbon utilization capacity was observed in biofilm communities from 15 d to 45 d, it is higher than that observed in 0 and 60 d significantly. And the diversity indexes （ Shannon index, Pielou index, Mclntosh index, richness index） had the same rule of dynamic changes with AWCD. In addition, the polymers＇ and cabchydrates＇ utilization capacity of biofilm microbes was significantly higher than that of Phenolic compounds, carboxylic acids, amino acids, amines in all five sampling stages. With the biofilm formation, the utilization of α-D-glucose-1- phosphate, L-serine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, Tween 40, D-mannitol, etc. in biofilm microbes improved. The principal component analysis of microbial metabolic characteristics in biofilm communities showed that principal components 1 （ PC1 ） accounted for 33.9 % , and principal components 2 （PC2） accounted for 21.1% respectively. Based on samples＇ distance, most similar characters in carbon metabolism of microbial community were found among 15,30 and 45 d, but with significant differences in 0 and 60 d. Microbial biofilm communities had the strongest metabolic ability from 15 d to 45 d in the grass carp culture pond, and utilized carbon sources selectively.

关 键 词： 草鱼 生物膜 碳代谢 单一碳源利用 主成分分析

领　　域： [生物学] [农业科学] [农业科学]