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HNF的热分解动力学和热安全性
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics and Thermal Safety of HNF

作  者: ; ; ;

机构地区: 南京理工大学化工学院

出  处: 《含能材料》 2014年第6期774-779,共6页

摘  要: 为了解硝仿肼(HNF)的热分解动力学和热安全性,用真空安定性试验(VST)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重法(TG)研究了 HNF的热分解特性。根据 HNF在升温速率为5,10,15,20℃·min^-1时的 DSC曲线的峰温和 TG 曲线的分解深度(α),分别用Kissinger法和 Ozawa法计算了 HNF热分解反应的表观活化能(Ek和 Ea)和指前因子(Ak)、提出了描述 HNF放热分解过程的动力学方程。计算了 HNF热分解反应的热力学参数(活化自由能ΔG≠,活化焓ΔH≠和活化熵ΔS≠)和 HNF的热安全性参数(自发火温度 Tbpo和自加速分解温度 TSADT)。结果表明,HNF的放气量为0.41 mL·g^-1,不超过2 mL·g^-1的标准,显示HNF有良好的热安定性。HNF吸热熔融后的放热分解反应过程可分两个阶段。Ek=257.10 kJ·mol^-1,Ak=1.74×10^33s^-1,ΔG≠=103.37 kJ·mol^-1、ΔH≠=253.82 kJ·mol^-1,ΔS≠=380.78 J·K^-1·mol^-1,Tbpo=400.28 K 和 TSADT=395.10 K。放热分解反应的动力学方程可描述为:对α=0.20~0.65的第一阶段dα/dt=kf(α)=Ae-RETf(α)=5.14×10^21×(1-α)-ln(1-α)12 exp(-1.81×10^4/T)对α=0.65~0.80的第二阶段 dα/dt=kf(α)=Ae-RETf(α)=3.30×10^14×(1-α)-ln(1-α)-1exp(-1.33×10^4/T)。 To understand the thermal decomposition kinetics and thermal safety of hydrazinium nitroformate( HNF),thermal decomposition characteristics of HNF were studied by vacuum stability test( VST),differential scanning calorimetry( DSC)and thermogravimetry(TG). According to peak temperatures of DSC curves and conversion degrees(α)of TG curves at 5,10, 15 ℃·min-1 and 20 ℃·min-1,the apparent activation energy(Ek and Ea)and pre-exponential factor(Ak)for thermal decompo-sition reaction of HNF were calculated by Kissinger′s method and Ozawa′s method,respectively. The kinetic equations describing the exothermic decomposition process of HNF were presented. Thermodynamic parameters( free energy of activation ΔG≠,enthal-py of activation ΔH≠ and entropy of activation ΔS≠)for thermal decomposition reaction of HNF and thermal safety parameters (critical temperature of thermal explosion Tbpo and self-accelerating decomposition temperature TSADT)for HNF were calculated. Results show that the volume of gas evolved for HNF is 0. 41 mL·g^-1 ,which does not exceed the standard of 2 mL·g^-1 ,revealing that HNF has good thermal stability. The exothermic decomposition process of HNF after melting can be divided into two stages. Ek=257.10 kJ·mol^-1 ,Ak=1.74×10^33s-1,ΔG≠=103. 37 kJ·mol^-1,ΔH≠ =253. 82 kJ·mol^-1,ΔS≠ =380. 78 J·K^-1 ·mol^-1, Tbpo=400. 28 Kand TSADT=395. 10 K. The kinetic equation of exothermic decomposition reaction may be described as:for the first stage in the α range of 0.20 ~0.65,dα/dt=kf(α)=Ae-RETf(α)=5.14×10^21×(1-α)-ln(1-α ) 12 exp(- 1.81×10^4 ),and for the T second stage in the α range of 0.65 ~0.80,dα/dt=kf(α)=Ae-RETf(α)=3.30×10^14×(1-α)-ln(1-α ) -1exp(-1.33×104 T).

关 键 词: 物理化学 硝仿肼 差示扫描量热法 热重法 热分解动力学 热安全性

领  域: [兵器科学与技术] [理学] [理学]

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