作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 宁夏石嘴山市惠农区气象局宁夏惠农753600

出　　处： 《宁夏农林科技》 2014年第5期55-60,共6页

摘　　要： 以干旱区成龄苹果园为研究对象,分析了宁夏灵武陶林园艺场果园内不同季节不同层次气象要素的时间变化特征。结果表明:日平均光照度为春季>夏季>秋季>冬季。果园内不同季节1.5 m和3.0 m高度气温都呈现出昼高夜低型的日变化波形;晴天气温变化出现单峰型曲线,阴天出现双峰型曲线,雨天变化振幅较小,两高度间差异也较小。果园内湿度较大,不同季节1.5 m和3.0 m高度相对湿度日变化均为夜高昼低的波形曲线。从风速看,春季和冬季日变化特征最明显,日振幅也最大,夏、秋季风速相对较小。不同季节地表0 cm地温受气温变化影响最大,5 cm、10 cm次之,20 cm地温受气温变化影响最小。 Choosing the mature apple orchard in the arid regions as the study objects, an analysis is made on the temporal characteristics of the meteorological elements at different seasons and different altitudes in the orchard at Taolin horticultural farm in Lingwu in Ningxia. The results showed that the order of the daily average light intensity in the apple orchard was：spring＆gt;summer＆gt;autumn＆gt;winter. The temperature in the orchard at 1.5 meters above ground and 3 meters above ground in different seasons exhibited a diurnal variation waveform which was at peak at noon and at valley at night. The temperature variation showed single peak curves in the sunny days and bimodal curves in the cloudy days and in the rainy days the variation was smaller and the difference between the two levels was also relatively smaller. The humidity in the orchard was big. The diurnal variation of the relative humidity at 1.5 meters above ground and 3 meters above ground in different sea-sons exhibited a waveform which was at peak at noon and at valley at night. As for the wind speed, the diurnal variation characteristics were most obvious in spring and in winter and the diurnal amplitude was also the biggest. The wind speeds in summer and autumn were smaller. The soil temperatures at 0 cm on the ground in different seasons were affected mostly by the air temperatures, the soil temperatures at 5 cm and 10 cm below ground were affected secondly and the soil temper-atures at 20 cm below ground was affected least by the air temperatures.

关 键 词： 干旱区 苹果园 小气候 气温 相对湿度

领　　域： [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学] [农业科学]