作　　者： ; ;

机构地区： 杭州师范大学生命科学学院生物学系

出　　处： 《动物学报》 2001年第5期512-517,共6页

摘　　要： 用多重温度组合 [7个恒温 ( 2 3、 2 4、 2 7、 2 8、 3 0、 3 3和 3 4℃ )和 1个波动温度 ( 2 2 3～ 3 2 8℃ ) ]孵化中华鳖 (Pelodiscussinensis)卵 ,检测温度对胚胎利用卵内物质和能量的影响。卵在波动温度和温和温度下( 2 7℃和 2 8℃ )孵化有较高的干物质、脂肪和能量转化率 ,孵出幼体因而含有较多的无机物 ,幼体躯干和脂肪体含有较高的能量。卵在极端高温 ( 3 4℃和 3 3℃ )或极端低温 ( 2 3℃ )下孵化物质和能量转化率较低 ,使得孵出幼体中无机物较少 ,幼体躯干和脂肪体中含能量较低。孵化温度显著影响中华鳖孵出幼体内的能量分配 :2 7℃和 2 8℃孵出幼体含能量较高且相似 ,但 2 7℃孵出幼体剩余卵黄能量小于 2 8℃孵出幼体 ;3 4℃和 2 3℃孵出幼体含能量较低且相似 ,但 2 3℃孵出幼体剩余卵黄能量大于 3 4℃孵出幼体。 We had eggs of Chinese soft\|shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) incubated at seven constant temperatures ranging from 23℃ to 34℃ and one fluctuating temperature regime (22 3℃～32 8℃) to assess influence of incubation temperature on embryonic use of material and energy.Our results revealed that more dry matter,lipids,minerals,and energy were transferred from the egg into the hatchling when eggs were incubated at moderate (27℃ and 28℃) and fluctuating temperatures.Hatchlings from these temperature treatments contained more ash and higher energy contents in carcass as well as larger fat bodies than did those from extremely high (33℃ and 34℃) and low (23℃) temperatures.Incubation temperature significantly affected embryonic allocation of energy among carcass,residual yolk,and fat bodies,resulting in hatchlings differing in energy contents of these compartments.Hatchlings incubated at 27℃ and 28℃ were similar in total energy contents,but hatchlings incubated at 27℃ contained less amounts of energy in the residual yolk.Similarly,hatchlings incubated at 23℃ and 34℃ did not differ in total energy contents,but hatchlings incubated at 34℃ contained less amounts of energy in the residual yolk.These observations imply significant influence of incubation temperature on transference of energy during embryogenesis.Constant temperatures rarely occur in nature,so incubating eggs at fluctuating temperatures could provide more ecologically relevant data.Our results showed that hatchlings incubated at fluctuating temperatures did not differed from those incubated at constant temperatures ranging from 24℃ to 30℃,although these eggs were once exposed to temperatures close to 23℃ and 34℃ for a brief period on a daily basis.Therefore,we conclude that eggs of P.sinensis can be incubated over a wide range of constant temperatures without significant modifications to energy contents of hatchlings and the range of suitable incubation temperatures can be substantially widened when eggs are incub

关 键 词： 中华鳖 卵 孵化温度 幼体 能量利用 胚胎 物质代谢

领　　域： [生物学] [农业科学] [农业科学]