作　　者： ; ; ; ; ;

机构地区： 华南农业大学资源环境学院

出　　处： 《水土保持学报》 2014年第3期253-258,共6页

摘　　要： 采用多重金属Cu、Zn和Cd污染土壤进行水稻(Oryza sativa L.)盆栽试验,研究生物质炭和氮肥配施对稻田田面水中无机氮和Cu、Zn和Cd浓度的影响。结果表明,与普通氮肥处理相比,含硝化抑制剂DMPP(3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐)氮肥、生物质炭+普通氮肥和生物质炭+DMPP氮肥处理田面水中硝态氮浓度分别显著降低66.7%,33.3%和68.7%,铵态氮浓度分别显著降低66.5%,10.7%和67.6%,总无机氮浓度显著降低66.5%,14.5%和67.8%;Cu浓度分别降低19.7%,0.5%和16.2%,Zn浓度分别降低64.5%,49.9%和86.2%,Cd浓度分别降低10.0%,6.7%和13.3%。硝化抑制剂DMPP和生物质炭均可有效降低稻田氮素,Cu、Zn和Cd流失的风险,有助于保护河流水体等地表水环境;DMPP的效果要优于生物质炭,DMPP和生物质炭混施的效果略高于DMPP单施。 In a rice cultivation pot experiment, the influences of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizers on concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and Cu, Zn and Cd in surface water of paddy soils contaminated with heavy metals Cu, Zn and Cd were studied. Results showed that, compared with the treatment of common nitrogen fertilizer, nitrate, ammonium, total inorganic nitrogen, Cu, Zn, and Cd concentrations of treatment of common nitrogen fertilizer with nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylprazole phosphate（DMPP）, treatment of common nitrogen fertilizer with biochar, and treatment of DMPP nitrogen fertilizer with biochar decreased by 66.7%, 33.3% and 68.7%; 66.5%, 10.7% and 67.6%, 66.5%, 14.5% and 67.8%, 19.7%, 0.5% and 16.2%, 64. 5%, 49. 9% and 86. 2%, 10. 0%, 6. 7% and 13. 3% in surface water of the rice field, respectively. Consequently, it demonstrated that the potential loss risk of nitrogen and heavy metals along with runoff flow could be greatly declined with application of either DMPP or biochar when the storm period came, which was significant in protecting the neighboring water body environment. Moreover, judged by the above context, the effect of DMPP was better than that of biochar, while the effect of applying both biochar and DMPP nitrogen fertilizer were slightly better than that of single application of DMPP nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词： 生物质炭 氮肥 田面水 重金属 污染土壤

领　　域： [环境科学与工程] [农业科学] [农业科学]